Growth, puberty and adolescence Flashcards
What is the middle line in a normal distribution curve called?
Mean/ median/ 50th centile
if it isn’t symmetrical, it is skewed and there isn’t a mean in it
What does the standard deviation measure?
measure of variability
if small, less variability,
what is a z-score?
standard deviation score - number of standard deviations away from the mean (mean - 1 mt, child 110 m, 1 SD away form the median)
Z = sds = (x-μ)/σ = number of sd from the mean
If there are 100 people measured, how many are within 1 SD from the middle line?
68%
How many are within 2SD from the middle line?
95% (5% of people have whatever it is not in that range)
What are centile lines?
Centile lines are spaced 2/3 of a standard deviation apart
From one point in a chart can you say that the child is growing at the right rate or not?
no, you need to chart the growth rate over the years
What is the low pointin the growth chart?
if it’s less then it comes as a knock off later on (higher obesity early puberty)
When do the height velocities peak?
infant and puberty phase
When does a child show normal growth?
- Their measurements are within the normal range compared with children of their age
- Their rate of growth is within the normal range compared with children of their age
Would it be a serious concern in a child if a child grows normally in a year but has tummy pain?
not really concerned, as a child growing normally is unlikely to have any major underlying problems.
not ruling out anything, but decreases the risk of coeliac and atopic disease
How has the growth chart shifted over the years?
The curve has shifted towards the right.
skweded to the right as there are more people who are obese
How should kid’s weight be measured?
- without any clothes or nappy
- no shoes/ footwear/ dolls/ teddies in head (kids older than 2 years)
- only class III electronic scales with metric setting should be used
How to measure head circumference?
using a narrow plastic or disposable paper tape,
- taken when the head circumference is the widest, three time sand then take the average
When should you be worried if a child a specific centile?
if they’ve falled/ crossed 2 centile lines
