Growth, puberty and adolescence Flashcards
What is the z score?
Number of standard deviations away from the mean
What is the standard deviation?
Measure of variabilty
How far apart are centile lines spaced?
Spaced 2/3 of a standard deviation apart
What is normal growth?
Their measurements are within the normal range compared with children of their age
Their rate of growth is within the normal range compared with children of their age
How are babies weighed?
Weight without any clothes or nappy
How are children over 2 weighed?
Weighed in vest and pants but no shoes and no dolls/teddies in hand
Which type of scales are used to weigh children?
Class III clinical electronic scales in METRIC setting
How should head circumference be measured?
Using a narrow plastic or disposable paper tape
Where should you measure head circumference?
Where the head circumference is widest
How should you measure length?
measure before 2 years if concerned
Length board/mat
Requires TWO measurements
Length measured without nappy or footwear
When and how should height be measured?
Measured from age 2 using a rigid rule with a T piece or stadiometer
-ensure heels, bottom, back and head are touching the apparatus with eyes and ears at ninety degrees
Don’t try to stretch up, measure on expiration
Average onset of puberty for girls and boys?
Girls is 11 years
Boys are 6 months later
Scale used to stage puberty?
Tanner
Thelarche
Breast budding
Adrenarche
Body hair and odour
Menarche
Periods (usually start 2 years post thelarche)
TCPP (true central precocious puberty) for girls and boys
<9 years for boys
-occurs more often in girls than boys
Pubertal delay
Absence of secondary sexual development n a girl aged 13 or a boy aged 14 (this is more common in boys than girls)
When is a girl’s peak height velocity?
12 years
When is a boys peak height velocity?
14 years
Average height difference between men and women and 3 reasons why
Average height difference is 12.5-24cm Due to: -Boys have delayed PHV -Boys PHV>girls -Boys taller in pre-puberty
Constitutional growth delay
Late maturation causing short stature, they will catch up etc just really tricky having to go through
Centile terminology
If the point is exactly on the line, or within 1/4 of a space of the centile line = “on the centile”
If not, “they are between centile X and Y”
