Development

Question 1

Head control

Answer 1

3 months

Question 2

Sitting balance

Answer 2

6 months

Question 3

Crawling

Answer 3

9 months

Question 4

Standing

Answer 4

12 months

Question 5

Runs

Answer 5

18 months

Question 6

Rides trike

Answer 6

24 months

Question 7

Stairs

Answer 7

36 months

Question 8

Hops

Answer 8

48 months

Question 9

ATNR

Answer 9

Asymetric tonic neck reflex

Question 10

Motor development: primitive reflexes

Answer 10

Sucking and rooting
Palmar and plantar grasp
ATNR
Moro
Stepping and placing

Question 11

Moro reflex

Answer 11

When you pretend to drop the baby and they spaz out

Question 12

Fine motor and vision

Answer 12

Hand regard in midline 3 months
Grasps toy 6 months
Scissor grasp 9 months
Pincer grasp 12 months
Tower of 3 bricks 18 months
Tower of 6-7/ scribble 24 months
Tower of 9 bricks, copies circle 36 months
Draws simple man 48 months

Question 13

Hand regard in midline

Answer 13

3 months

Question 14

Grasps toy

Answer 14

6 months

Question 15

Scissor grip

Answer 15

9 months

Question 16

Pincer grip

Answer 16

12 months

Question 17

Tower of 3 bricks

Answer 17

18 months

Question 18

Tower of 6-7 bricks/scribble

Answer 18

24 months

Question 19

Tower of 9 bricks, copies circles

Answer 19

36 months

Question 20

Draws simple man

Answer 20

48 months

Question 21

If a baby isn’t walking by _______ months, it should be considered a red flag

Answer 21

Baby should definitely be walking by 18 months

Question 22

Another name for ATNR (assymetric tonic neck reflex)

Answer 22

Fencing reflex

Question 23

Developmental delay

Answer 23

Failure to attain appropriate developmental milestones for child’s corrected chronological age

Question 24

Retts’s syndrome method of inderitence

Answer 24

Rett’s syndrome is X linked

Question 25

Red flags for development

Answer 25

``` Asymmetry of movement Not reaching for objects by 6 months Unable to sit unsupported by 12 months Unable to walk by 18 months → check CK No speech by 18 months Concerns re vision or hearing Loss of skills ```

Question 26

CK level in DMD

Answer 26

CK would be very high in DMD

Question 27

Medical screening in Down Syndrome

Answer 27

``` Cardiac Vision Hearing Thyroid function Sleep related breathing disorders Growth- charts Development ```

Question 28

Common first symptom noticed in Down syndrome

Answer 28

Hypotonia

Question 29

Mild learning disability IQ

Answer 29

50-70

Question 30

Severe learning disability IQ

Answer 30

20-50

Question 31

Profound learning disability

Answer 31

<20

Question 32

Manouvre used to help diagnose DMD?

Answer 32

Gowers manouvre

Question 33

Conditions associated with Duchenne's muscular dystrophy

Answer 33

``` Mobility problems, spasticity and orthopaedic problems Learning difficulties Epilepsy Visual/Hearing impairment Communication difficulties Feeding difficulties Sleep problems Behaviour problems ```

Question 34

Is epilepsy associated with cerebral palsy?

Answer 34

Yes, cerebral palsy is associated with epilepsy. It is also associated with learning difficulties, visual/hearing impairment, sleep problems and behaviour problems

Question 35

Conditions often associated with cerebral visual impairment?

Answer 35

Cerebral palsy | Hydrocephalus

Question 36

Treacher-collins is associated with what?

Answer 36

Hearing impairment

Question 37

Autistic triad

Answer 37

Communication Social interaction Flexibility of thought/imagination

Question 38

What do people with fragile X look like?

Answer 38

Long face

Question 39

First presentation of neurofibromatosis?

Answer 39

Cafe au lait spots

Question 40

Investigation of developmental delay

Answer 40

``` Chromosomes, FRAX & Oligoarray CGH Neonatal PKU, thyroid studies, CK If indicated: - MRI brain - EEG - Metabolic studies - Genetic consultation - Others ```

Question 41

Developmental Assessment

Answer 41

``` Multidisciplinary Team Appropriate Assessment Tool Eg Griffiths (0-8yrs) Bayleys (0-3yrs) Schedule of Growing Skills (0-5yrs) ADOS (ASD) ```

Question 42

The 3 phases of child growth

Answer 42

Infant (nutrient-led) Child (growth hormone led) Pubertal (sex steroid led)

Question 43

Sources of vitamin D

Answer 43

Sunlight (but small amounts from oily fish and eggs) | Intake is below the RNI for non-breastfed infants of all age groups

Question 44

Sources of vitamin C

Answer 44

Oranges, blackcurrents, potatoes

Question 45

Which vitamin supplements should all children from 6 months consume?

Answer 45

Vitamin A, C and D supplements | -Only 5-10% children take these though

Question 46

Which supplements should breastfeeding mothers take?

Answer 46

``` Vitamin D (10µg per day) -only 46% mothers take these though ```

Question 47

Physical activity guidelines for children capable of walking? (under 5s)

Answer 47

180 minutes throughout the day

Question 48

Physical activity guidelines | 5-18 years

Answer 48

>60 minutes a day of moderate to physical activity | 3 days/week - vigorous intensity activities

Question 49

How long should you breastfeed?

Answer 49

At least the first 6 months

Question 50

Are infant formula and follow-on formula recommended?

Answer 50

Infant formula is recommended (whey based formula for 1st year) Follow-on formula is not recommended

Question 51

Ful fat unmodified cows milk?

Answer 51

Full fat unmodified cows’ milk Can be used in small amounts in cooking from 6-9 months Can be gradually introduced as a drink from 12 months Semi-skimmed milk should not be given before 2 years Skimmed milk should not be given before 5 years

Question 52

Griffiths scale

Answer 52

0-8 years

Question 53

Bayleys scale

Answer 53

0-3 years

Question 54

Schedule of growing

Answer 54

0-5 years

Question 55

ADOS scale?

Answer 55

Used to assess ASD

Question 56

What might be the first symptom of DMD?

Answer 56

Many boys present with a delay in development | Speech development may also be delayed