Growth of NSMs as a result in decline in support for instutitional politics Flashcards
Crook et al (92)
Argument is that old politics was more class based and focused on class differences, however, new politics is more volatile and the electorates don’t have strong class identities. These political changes have led to class decomposition and as people are less interested in differences in class then now they focus more on differences in consumption and lifestyles.
Jean Baudrillard (83)
Postmodern view says that politics have become more detached from reality; it is more concerned over image instead of the real meaning of ‘rule by the people’. Voters have little variation between political parties and there is no real power just political parties giving the ‘image’ of having power. This leads to a decline in politics.
Ulrich Beck and Anthony Giddens (1991)
In a postmodern world dominated by global media and communications, there is growing sense of risk. In particular, a growing distrust of experts such as scientists. Giddens says that more people are realizing that their existence and future survival increasingly depends on making sure that key political players behave in a responsible fashion.
McCarthy and Zald (1987)
RMT - Political grievances are always present in society, but SMs only emerge in particular circumstances - when some individuals see that there are personal gains to be had from joining them.
Problem with RMT
Not all SMs have any formal organization with status and career opportunities - they are communities of equals. RMT focuses on the organization of a SM rather than its collective identity.
Habermas (79)
Marxist - NSMs are arising out of the nature of post capitalism, in which the majority of people enjoy a good standard of living and are, therefore, less interested in material things.
Touraine (82)
Marxist - NSMs are a product of a post-industrial society that stresses the production and consumption of knowledge rather than materialism, consumerism and economic goals. Touraine sees NSMs as at the heart of the realignment of political and cultural life
Marcuse (64)
Marxist - capitalism produces a superficial mass culture in order to maximize profits. However, the emptiness of the culture has left some middle-class students, to reject materialism. NSM’s, therefore, as are a form of counterculture that encourages people to focus on unselfish needs, such as the concern for other people
Habermas (81)
Marxist - views governments and big businesses intrusions into individuals and everyday affairs as an attempt to take over their lives. According to this, social movements are defensive reactions by ordinary people to reassert control over their threatened lifestyles
Offe (85)
Marxist - Argues that NSMs are best understood as responses to the growing dominance of the capitalist stat. More areas of life become subject to state regulation and NSMs emerge to reverse them.
Klein (2001) in her book ‘no logo’
Globalization - global capitalism, with its strategy of global branding and marketing is responsible for the alienation fueling an emerging global anti-corporate movement. 5 branding strategies some of which are Logo inflation, sponsorship of cultural events, the branding of youth culture.
Cohen and Kennedy (00)
Globalization - Transnational SMs unite not just as citizens of postindustrial societies but also the dispossessed and exploited in less democratic countries to resist the influence of MNCs and TNCs.
Voter Turnouts 1950 and 1951
82%
Voter Turnout 01/05
60%
Lowest Turnout since 1945
2001 at 59%
