Growth & Facial Development Flashcards
1
Q
- The way the bone develops is due to
A
Genetics
2
Q
- The way soft tissues attach to bone is due to
A
Adaptation
3
Q
- Does the environment affect how the mandible develops?
A
a. Yes, if your mouth breath it will affect
4
Q
- What are the different categories of bone in endochondral growth?
A
a. Cancellous
b. Cortical
c. Bone marrow
5
Q
- Endochondral growth refers to what bones?
A
a. Long bones
6
Q
- What bones exhibit “indirect growth”?
A
Long bones
7
Q
- Indirect growth involves what 2 things?
A
a. Growth centers
b. Growth plates
8
Q
- What are the 3 properties of long bones?
A
a. Genetically programmed
b. Can resist mechanical stress
c. Highly organized
9
Q
- This is where the cartilage matrix is REPLACED by immature bone
A
a. Growth plates/centers
10
Q
- Are growth sites impacted by pressure?
A
Yes
11
Q
- Do growth sites respond to mechanic stimuli?
A
Yes
12
Q
- Do growth sites grow more than growth centers?
A
Yes
13
Q
- Is the mandible a long bone?
A
No
14
Q
- Will long bones deviate due to environmental factors?
A
a. No, bc it is highly organized
15
Q
- Describe how the cartilage matrix is replaced by immature bones
A
a. chondroblasts/chondrocytes → pre-osteoblasts → osteoblasts → osteocytes
16
Q
- Cranial base =
A
a. Chondrocranium
17
Q
- You start with a cartilaginous structure then it goes through
A
a. Endochondral growth
18
Q
- This is the replacement of connective tissue with bony tissue
A
a. Intramembranous bone growth
19
Q
- What kind of bones are involved in intramembranous bone growth?
A
a. Irregular bones (face, skull, mandible, clavicles)
20
Q
- Intrammebranous growth will result in what?
A
a. Displacement of other structures in space
21
Q
- What is the sequence of formation for intramembranous bone?
A
a. Mesenchymal cells → osteoblasts → ossification center → osteoid → osteocytes → lamellar/cortical bone
22
Q
- Intramembranous ossification bone formation occurs directly in what?
A
a. Vascularized mesenchyme
23
Q
- This is when new bone forms on the external aspect of the bone while the bone is resorbed on the internal aspect
A
a. Resportion - apposition
24
Q
- Is the ratio for resportion - apposition proportional?
A
Not always
25
25. Does bone remodeling occur throughout life?
Yes
26
26. This principle explains how bone maintains shape and structure
a. V principle of Enlow
27
27. Will bony structures be displaced during growth?
Yes
28
28. Placing a V on a growing osseous structure will determine the
Direction of growth
29
29. Appositional surfaces are where in relation to the V?
In the center
30
30. Resorbing surfaces are where in relation to the V?
On the outside
31
31. What kind of bone is direct growth?
a. Intramembranous
32
32. This allows volume increase and displacement in space while maintaining proper shape
a. Drift principle
33
33. You get the drift principle in what kind of bone?
Intramembranous
34
34. Resorption - apposition is essentially what principle (not the V one)
a. Drift principle
