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Pediatrics Exam 1 > Growth and Development > Flashcards

Growth and Development Flashcards

1
Q

what is anticipatory guidance?

A

telling the parents what to expect with their child

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2
Q

What well child visits does the child get a vaccine?

A 
birth 
2 montha
4 months 
6 months 
12 months 
15 months 
18 months 
4 years (48 months)
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3
Q

when can you stop measuring head circumference in a child?

A

2 years old

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4
Q

when do you start measuring BP routinely?

A

3 years old

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5
Q

RR from birth to 2 months

A

tachypnea (>60/min)

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6
Q

growth charts are specific for what two things

A

gender

age

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7
Q

what are you looking for on growth chart?

A

trends, velocity changes

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8
Q

child is slowly falling off the growth curve but their parents did the same and then grew in college

A

constitutional growth delay

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9
Q

baby around the age 9 month to year who is really big but then normalizes to average size

A

catch-down growth

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10
Q

when should infant be double the birth weight?

A

4-5 months

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11
Q

How much should infant gain in the first 6 months of life (when growth is the fastest)?

A

0.5 - 1 oz daily

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12
Q

How do you assess development in a child over 6 years old?

A

school performance

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13
Q

4 domains of development to be assessed in development

A

fine motor/adaptive
gross motor
language (receptive and expressive)
personal/social skills

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14
Q

AAP recommends standardized screening tests for development at which visits

A

9 months
18 months
30 months

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15
Q

when would you perform MCHAT screening?

A

9-18 months

24 - 30 months

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16
Q

How does a child develop gross and fine motor skills?

A

from head down (cephalocaudal fashion)

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17
Q

what does the language of a child correlate best with?

A

cognitive development

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18
Q 
Developmental red flags
sitting?
transfer objects b/n hands?
pointing?
pincer grasp?
walk alone?
speak recognizable words?
A

can’t sit along by 9 months
unable to transfer object between hands by 1 year
not pointing by 1 year
abnormal pincer grip/grasp by 15 months
unable to walk alone by 18 months
failure to speak recognizable words by 2 years

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19
Q

when should a chile be able to sit alone?

A

6 months

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20
Q

when should child be able to transfer object between hands?

A

6 months

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21
Q

when should a child start pointing?

A

12 months

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22
Q

when should child have normal pincer grasp?

A

9 months

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23
Q

when should a child start walking

A

12 months

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24
Q

how should a 2 week old be put to sleep?

A

“back to sleep”

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25
Q

when can you start introducing new foods and solid foods in the babies diet?

A

4 months

26
Q

what age should you start “child proofing” things?

A

6 months

27
Q

what age does a baby start to “cruise”?

A

9 months

28
Q

what age can you introduce whole milk?

A

12 months

29
Q

what labs can you run on 12 month old?

A

lead

hemoglobin

30
Q

why do you check the hemoglobin of 12 month old?

A

iron deficiency anemia → taking off iron rich formula and not eating iron rich food yet

31
Q

what age should you stop feeding a child with a bottle?

A

15 months

32
Q

how long should child stay in rear facing car seat?

A

2 years old

33
Q

what age do you want to emphasize safety in?

A

24 months

34
Q

“out of control behavior - screaming, stomping, hitting, head banging, falling down, violent displays of frustration”

A

temper tantrum

35
Q

How should you counsel a parent on Temper Tantrums?

A

avoid reinforcing the behavior → don’t pay attention to it and avoid situations that may precipitate one

36
Q

what do you want to screen for in child who is 12 - 18 yo?

A

depression
anxiety
substance abuse

37
Q

what 3 things are screened for in newborn?

A

metabolic
hemoglobin electrophoresis
hearing evaluation

38
Q

NIH says to check the cholesterol of all kids at least once between the ages of ____ and ____

A

9 - 11

18 - 20

39
Q

when should a child start getting annual dental exams and 6 mo cleanings?

A

start at age 1 or within 6 months of first tooth

40
Q

when can parents start brushing their childs teeth?

A

when they first see a tooth

41
Q

When does separation anxiety begin in a child?

A

6 - 18 months

42
Q

How should you counsel a parent with a child who has Breath Holding Spells?

A

self limiting condtion and do not reinforce the behavior

43
Q

child refuses for go to school
occurs only on school days
no relation to social class, intelligence, academic ability

A

school phobia

44
Q

frequent or prolonged nighttime awakenings requiring intervetnion (child feels like they can’t go back to sleep on their own)

A

sleep onset insomnia disorder

45
Q

bedtime resistance or refusal → caregiver unwillingness or inability to enforce bedtime

A

limit setting insomnia disorder

46
Q

awakens 1 - 3 hours after falling asleep
sleepwalking, sleep terrors, confusional arousal
occurs in non-REM sleep

A

parasomnia

47
Q

when do sleep terrors occur?

A

beginning third of the night

48
Q

sudden unexplained death during sleep in infant less than 1 year old

A

SIDS

49
Q

4 preventable risk factors for SIDS

A

stomach/side sleeping or sleeping on soft surface
bed sharing
overheating
secondhand smoke

50
Q

what age do you start potty training?

A

when they are developmentally ready

51
Q

crampy achy muscle pain usually felt in both legs in preschoolers and preteens (3-4 & 8-12)

A

growing pains

52
Q

how will growing pains present in comparison to pain related to cancer?

A

growing pain will alternate around legs

cancer pain → located in the same exact spot + odd bruising

53
Q

when do growing pains usually occur?

A

late afternoon or early in sleep

54
Q

growing pains are most likely associated with

A

intense activity

55
Q

34% of childhood cancers are
Male > Female
between 2 -4 years old

A

acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)

56
Q

Symptoms of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)

A 
bone and joint pain 
fatigue 
weakness 
bleeding 
fever 
weight loss 
weird bruising
57
Q

Cancer associated with headaches + dizziness + balance problems + vision/hearing/speech problems + frequent vomiting + bulging fontanelle

A

brain tumor

58
Q

swelling or lump in belly + fever + pain + nausesa + poor appetite

A

Wilms Tumor

59
Q

6% of childhood cancer → rarely after age 10

arises from immature nerve cells and usually starts in the belly (adrenal glands)

A

neuroblastoma

60
Q

impaired ability to walk + changes in eyes (bulging, dark circle, droopy eyelids) + pain + diarrhea + HTN

A

neuroblastoma

61
Q

child lacks red eye reflex (white or pink color) and unequal bilaterally - be concerned about?

A

retinoblastoma

Pediatrics Exam 1 (7 decks)

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