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Pediatrics Exam 1 > Vaccines > Flashcards

Vaccines Flashcards

1
Q

group of medical and public health experts convened by CDC to develop vaccine recommendations

A

Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)

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2
Q

provides free vaccines for all children who are uninsured, medicaid eligible, Native American, or Alaska Native

A

Vaccines for Children Program (VFC)

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3
Q

public and private childcare facilities and publuc and private schools must have a valid ____ for all enrolled children

A

SC Certificate of Immunization

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4
Q

three types of exemptions to vaccine in SC

A

medical exemption
religious exemption
special exemption

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5
Q

medical contraindications as determined by a licensed health care provider

A

medical exemption

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6
Q

exemption signed by school principle issued to transfer students while awaiting arival of medical records from former residence → only issued once and valid for only 30 days

A

special exemption

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7
Q

familes who refuse to vaccinate their child must sign this form EACH visit with their provider

A

Refusal to Vaccinate Form

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8
Q

when can a provider end a relationship with a patient who refuses vaccination?

A

after another physician assumes responsibility for patient or the parents have been given reasonable notice they intend to terminate the relationship

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9
Q

exposure to disease organism triggers the immune system to produce antibodies to the disease

A

active immunity

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10
Q

two types of active immunity

A

natural immunity

vaccine induced immunity

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11
Q

What is good about active immunity?

A

long lasting → may be lifelong

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12
Q

person is given antibodies to a disease rather than producing them through their own immune system

A

passive immunity

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13
Q

what is good about passive immunity?

A

immediate protection (but only lasts weeks - months)

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14
Q

Passive immunity obtained through antibody containing blood products such as HBIG or VZIG which may be given when immediate protection is needed

A

Immune Globulin

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15
Q

three categories of vaccine adverse reactions

A

local (pain, swelling, redness_
systemic (fever, malaise, HA, myalgia)
allergic (anaphylactic, IgE mediated hives, mouth swelling, can’t breathe, hypotension, shock)

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16
Q

all clinically significant adverse events following immunizations are reported to

A

vaccine adverse event reporting system (VAERS)

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17
Q

individuals can file a clain after adverse reaction due to vaccine and get financial assistance

A

national vaccine injury compensation program (VICP)

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18
Q

condition in recipient that increases the chance of serious adverse reaction

A

contraindication

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19
Q

condition in recipient that might increase the chance of adverse reaction

A

precaution

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20
Q 
minor illness 
taking antibiotic at the time 
pregnancy or immunosuppression in the house 
breatfeeding 
premature birth 
non-vaccine related allergies 
nonanphylactic allergy to vaccine
A

Things that are NOT contraindications to vaccine

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21
Q

low grade fever
URI
otitis media
mild diarrhea

A

“minor illness”

can still get vaccination

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22
Q

Two true contraindications to vaccines

A

anaphylaxis

encephalopathy that occurs within 7 days of vaccine

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23
Q

If a child has an egg allery what 2 vaccines will they be concerned about getting? What do you do?

A

flu and MMR

give MMR and inactive flu vaccine

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24
Q

two temporary contraindications to vaccines

A

pregnancy

immunosuppression

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25
Q

MMR and varicella vaccines can be given to HIV children under what conditions

A

asymptomatic

mild s/sx (age sepcific CD4 lymphocyte percentage >15%)

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26
Q

When is the LAIV (live active influenze vaccine) contraindicated?

A

immunocompromised household and patient

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27
Q

which steroid type can be a contraindication to vaccine?

A

systemic steroid use

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28
Q

when should a child on steroid treatment not receive live vaccines?

A

> 2 mg/kg/day
20 mg/day for MORE THAN 14 DAYS
can get vaccine when steroid stopped for at least one month

29
Q

How long should you wait to give MMR and Varicella vaccines in a patient who just received a blood transfusion?

A

5-6 months

30
Q

How long should you wait to give MMR and Varicella vaccines in a patient who just received IVIG?

A

11 months

31
Q

pediatric diptheria-tetanus toxoid

A

DT

32
Q

diptheria and tetanus toxoid and acellular pertussis vaccine

A

DTaP

33
Q

adults tetanus-diptheria toxoid

A

Td

34
Q

adolescent preparation for those who have completed the childhood series and not received TD booster

A

Tdap

35
Q

when is DTaP vaccine given?

A

2, 4, 6, 15 months, 4 yers

36
Q

3 contraindications for DTaP

A

anaphylaxis
encephalopathy
progressive neurologic disorder

37
Q

adverse reaction to DTaP

A

fever > 104.8 within 48 hours

38
Q

what portion of the DTaP causes febrile seizures

A

pertussis vaccine

39
Q

Child develops a nodule after getting DtaP, most likely caused by?

A

tetanus portion

40
Q

when should adolescent get Tdap?

A

11 - 12 year visit

41
Q

When should pregnant women get Tdap?

A

each pregnancy → 27 - 36 weeks gestation

42
Q

If woman doesn’t get Tdap during pregnancy when should she get it?

A

immediately postpartum

43
Q

when does a baby get monovalent Hepatitis B vaccine?

A

within 24 hours of birth

44
Q

when do you give combination Hep B vaccine?

A

2, 4, 6 months

45
Q

Treatment for infants born to HbsAg (+) mothers

A

Hep B vaccine and HBIG at different site on body
within 12 hours of birth
complete the series by 6 months, check for therapy success at 9 - 12 months

46
Q

What form of poliovirus vaccine is given now?

A

inactivated (IPV)

47
Q

PCV13 vaccine is routine for all children age

A

< 24 months

48
Q

When is PPSV23 given to a child?

When is booster given?

A

over 2 yo (not effective if < 2 years)

booster at 5 years

49
Q

who is the inactive influence vaccine recommended for?

A

everyone over 6 months of age

50
Q

If a child is under 9 years old and never had a flu vaccine what do they get?

A

2 doses of vaccine 1 month apart

51
Q

How old must child be to get LAIV?

A

at least 2 years old

52
Q

who should not get the LAIV?

A

chronic pulmonary conditions (asthma, wheezing)
cardiac disorders
sickle cell
history of Guillain-Barre Syndrome

53
Q

When should you get Meningococcal disease vacine (A,C,Y, W-135)?
When booster?

A

11-12 years

booster @ 16 years

54
Q

Can you vaccinate a 2 year old against meningococcal disease?

A 
yes →  high risk 
persistent complement deficiencies 
anatomic or functional asplenia 
HIV
traveling or live in high risk area
55
Q

When is first and second dose of MMR given?

A

first → 12 - 15 months
second → 4 -6 years
third if at increased risk for mumps in outbreak

56
Q

Adverse reaction to MMR and when it presents

A

fever up to 103

6 - 12 days after vaccine

57
Q

Patient may havejoint complaints 7 - 21 days after MMR vaccine due to

A

rubella

58
Q

when should you postpone MMR vaccine?

A

high dose steroids
pregnant
IVIG in last 11 months
blood products in last 5 - 6 months

59
Q

Can you give PPD with MMR on same day?

A

yes → no mitigation of effect

60
Q

when do you give varicella vaccine?

A

12 - 15 months

school entry

61
Q

Contraindications to varicella vaccine

A

pregnancy
prior allergic rxn
immunocompromised (except mild or asymptomatic HIV)

62
Q

when can you give varicella zoster immune globulin in infant?

A

newborn of mother with onset 5 days prior - 48 hours after delivery

63
Q

three available live virus vaccines

A

Flu
VAR
rotavirus

64
Q

Contraindications to rotavirus vaccine

A

SCID (severe combined immunodeficient)

history of intussusception

65
Q

Dosing schedule for Hep A vaccine

A

first > 12 months → second dose 6 - 18 months after first

66
Q

HPV is routine vaccine for girls and boys ages

A

11 - 12 years old

67
Q

When can you administer HPV vaccine in case of sexual abuse?

A

9 years

68
Q

What is a side effect of HPV vaccine?

A

syncope

Pediatrics Exam 1 (7 decks)

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