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Animal Science 101 > Growth and Development > Flashcards

Growth and Development Flashcards

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1
Q

Adipose refers to

A

fat

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2
Q

Sequential Pattern of Tissue Growth

A

Bones
Internal Fat
Subcutaneous fat

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3
Q

Growth and Development is highly dependent on which system?

A

Endocrine (secrete hormones into the circulatory system)

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4
Q

Major Hormones Affecting Growth

A 
Growth Hormone
Thyroid Hormone
Estrogen 
Testosterone 
Insulin
Glucagon
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5
Q

Growth ends at

A

Maturity

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6
Q

Growth curve includes:

A

Conception: Prenatal growth
Birth to Puberty: Rapid Growth (primarily muscle)
Puberty into Maturity: More rapid fat deposition
Maturity, changes due to fat
Three Lines: Birth, Rapid Growth, Maturity

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7
Q

Growth

A

an increase in body size, muscle, bone and connected tissues

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8
Q

Development

A

a change in composition, structure or abilities

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9
Q

Number of muscle cells is determined by birth

A

True, growth occurs during hyperplasia

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10
Q

Postnatal growth from most to least

A

Muscle>Fat>Bone

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11
Q

Factors Affecting the Growth Curve

A

Frame size, sex, genetics

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12
Q

The effect of Frame Size on growth

A

Larger framed animals are more efficient

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13
Q

The effect of Sex on growth

A

Steers, Gilts and Wethers are most efficient (Swine are different than cattle and sheep)

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14
Q

Insulin Control of Growth

A

regulates metabolism by promoting absorption of blood sugar into fat and muscle cells

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15
Q

Glucagon

A

draws on body stores of fat to increase blood sugar level

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16
Q

_________ percent of growth traits can be passed on to the offspring.

A

20-40%

17
Q

non-hormonal compounds which redirect nutrient use away from fat and towards muscle development

A

Beta-Agonists

18
Q

Types of Beta-Agonists

A

Ractopamine
Paylean
Optaflex

19
Q

Muscle grows faster than bone

A

True

20
Q

Benefits of Beta-Androgenic Agonists

A

increase protein deposition
decrease fat deposition
increased rate-of-gain
increased feed efficiency

21
Q

when animals are purchased based on the final grades or values of each individual animal

A

grid marketing

Animal Science 101 (9 decks)

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