groups in the periodic table

Question 1

Properties of metal

Answer 1

-high melting and boiling points
-good conductors of heat and electricity
- all solids at room temperature apart from mercury
- form positive ions

Question 2

where are non metals found on the periodic table and why

Answer 2

on the right side of the table because they have many electrons on their outer shell

Question 3

properties of non metals

Answer 3

-lower melting and boiling points than metals
-often found as gases
-generaly do not conduct heat or electricity

Question 4

what is a noble gas

Answer 4

an element found in group 0

Question 5

why are elements in group 0 unreactive

Answer 5

because they already have a full outer shell so they dont need to gain or lose any electrons to fill it

Question 6

why are noble gases used in light bulbs

Answer 6

because they wont react with the hot metal filament

Question 7

Noble gases properties

Answer 7

-low melting and boiling points
-monoatomic
-low density
-Inert (unreactive)
- not flammable
- colourless

Question 8

what are halogens

Answer 8

elements found in group 7

Question 9

halogen properties

Answer 9

-7 outer electrons
-diatomic
-form salts

Question 10

what happens to the reactivity as you go down group 7 and why

Answer 10

• because the atoms gain more electron shells so distance between the outer shell and nucleus increases
• so the attraction between them is weaker , this makes it harder to gain an electron
• outer energy levels are shielded from the positive charge of the nucleus from internal electrons

Question 11

What are the elements in group 1 called

Answer 11

Alkali metals

Question 12

what happens to the reactivity as you go down group 1 and why

Answer 12

increases because the attraction between the electron and the positively charged nucleus becomes weaker therefore msking it easier to lose an electron

• there is a greater distance between the positive nucleus and negative outer electron
• the outer electron is shielded from the nucleus by the internal energy levels

Question 13

where are the transition metals found

Answer 13

in the middle of the table between group 2 and 3

Question 14

properties of transition metals

Answer 14

-strong and hard
-high melting points
-lower reactivity
-high density

Question 15

transition metals special properties

Answer 15

-can form more than one ion
-can form coloured compounds
-can be used as catalyst

Question 16

describe group 1 metals reacting with water

Answer 16

• react vigorously to produce hydrogen gas and metal hydroxides
• as you go down the group, the reaction becomes more violent
• the amount of energy given out by the reaction increases as we go down the group

Question 17

describe group 1 metals reacting with chlorine

Answer 17

react vigorously when heated in chlorine gas
- reactivity increases as you go down group

Question 18

describe group 1 metals reacting with oxygen

Answer 18

• react to form metal oxide e.g - Li20

Question 19

differences between group 1 metals and transition metals

Answer 19

• more reactive
  -they are less dense, strong and harder than transition metals
• lower melting points

Question 20

Group 7s and their colours

Answer 20

• fluorine, reactive, poisonous yellow gas
• chlorine, fairly reactive poisonous dense green gas
• bromine, dense, poisonous, red- brown volatile liquid
  -iodine, dark grey crystalline solid or a purple vapour

Question 21

what do halogens exist as

Answer 21

molecules, pairs of atoms

Question 22

group 0 elements exist as monoatomic gases, what does this mean?

Answer 22

• they are made up of single atoms not bonded to each other at all

Question 23

what happens to boiling points ad you go down group 0

Answer 23

they increase as relative atomic masses increase

Question 24

properties of group 1 metals

Answer 24

• soft
• all have one electron on outer shell
• lower melting and boiling points than other metals
• low densities

Question 25

differences between transition and alkali metals

Answer 25

• group 1 metals much more reactive
• group 1 metals less dense, strong and hard than transition

Question 26

describe what happens when lithium reacts with water

Answer 26

• very fast reaction
• fizzing, showing a gas has been produced
• when universal indicator added, solution turns purple, showing us the water is now alkaline

Question 27

describe what happens when sodium reacts with water

Answer 27

• very fast reaction
• effervescence ( fizzing )
• small ball floating around
• water turning purple when universal indicator added to show solution is alkaline
• more rapid reaction

Question 28

describe what happens when potassium reacts with water

Answer 28

• extremely fast reaction
• water turns alkaline
• lilac flame

Question 29

what are diatomic molecules

Answer 29

molecules with two atoms joined together by a covalent bond

Question 30

how does the names of halogens change when they form ions

Answer 30

they change from ine to ide

Question 31

Why, when moving down group 1does reactivity increase

Answer 31

• as we go down, the outer electron is less attracted to the positive nucleus
• this makes it easier to lose
• this is because there is a greater distance between the positive nucleus and the outer electron
• this is because the outer electron is shielded from the nucleus by the internal energy levels

Question 32

what do group 7 molecules form when they react with non metals

Answer 32

they form covalent compounds