Groups, Confidence, Attribution theory, Leadership Flashcards
What are the characteristics of a team?
A team has a collective identity, interaction among individual roles, communication (verbal and non-verbal), and a shared goal or purpose.
What is Tuckman’s Theory?
Tuckman’s Theory (1965) describes how groups become teams through four key stages of development: forming, storming, norming, and performing.
What happens in the Forming stage?
Individuals come together to understand each other and their roles within the group.
What occurs during the Storming stage?
Members may openly question power structures and challenge the leader, leading to potential conflict.
What is the focus in the Norming stage?
Group instability decreases as members work together, recognizing the need for common goals.
What characterizes the Performing stage?
Members identify with the team, understand their roles, and feel they contribute to the team’s success.
What factors affect the duration of the group formation process?
Depends on:
* The size of the group
* Difficulty of the task
* Experience of the players
* Cohesion
Cohesion may either precede success or develop as a result of it.
What is Carron’s Antecedents?
Things that must be in place for cohesion to be effective.
These antecedents include environmental, personal, leadership, and team factors.
What are the environmental (situational) factors affecting group cohesion?
Factors include:
* Group size and structure
* Age and gender
* Desire to reach common goal
* Time available
* Motivation in larger groups
Larger groups may lead to social loafing and decreased motivation.
What are the personal
Categories include:
* Demographic attributes
* Cognitions & Motives
* Behaviour
These factors can vary among group members.
What is the impact of leadership factors on group cohesion?
Factors include:
* Leadership style and behaviours
* Clear communication regarding team goals
* Compatibility between leader & group members
A more democratic leadership style is associated with increased cohesion.
How does team success influence individual motivation and cohesion?
More success = increased motivation for each individual = improved team cohesion
Wins and losses can serve as learning experiences to enhance cohesion.
What is task cohesion?
Looks at the end result and working to achieve the same goal.
Task cohesion involves co-action and interaction among group members.
What is social cohesion?
Interaction of a team characterized by trust and support.
Teams with high social cohesion often socialize with each other.
Fill in the blank: The Ringleman effect is associated with _______.
social loafing
True or False: Cohesion develops before a team can succeed.
False
Some believe cohesion develops as a team becomes successful.
What are the consequences of a group being too large?
Consequences include:
* Subdivisions and cliques forming
* Less motivation
Larger groups can hinder cohesion and productivity.
What does individual satisfaction refer to in the context of group cohesion?
It refers to the motives of group members that influence their cohesion.
Individual satisfaction can be linked to demographic similarity and shared expectations.
How does time available influence group cohesion?
More time allows group members to learn about each other, enhancing cohesion.
Time is a critical factor in developing relationships within the group.
What are the personal factors of carrons anteccedents
- Personal Factors
- Refer to individual characteristics of group members. (Variation occurs here!)
- Carron & Hausenblas (1998) classified personal factors into the following three categories:
1. Demographic attributes (member similarity, gender).
2. Cognitions & Motives (attributions, anxiety).
3. Behaviour (Adherence, social loafing) - Carron & Dennis (2001) suggest….. Individual Satisfaction (Motive)
- Similarity (Demographic)… attitudes, aspirations, commitments, and expectations.
- Goal expectations, codes of conduct, expectations about behaviour.
