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AS Chemistry unit 2 > Group II > Flashcards

Group II Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the definition of an s-block element

A

An element which has an atom with the highest energy/outer shell electron in an s subshell

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2
Q

What are he physical properties of group II metals

A
  • atomic radius increases as group descends

- 1st ionisation energetic decreases as you descend group - increased radius and shielding

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3
Q

What is the equation when metal oxides react with water

A

Metal oxide + water = metal hydroxide

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4
Q

What is the equation when metal oxides react with acid

A

Metal oxide + acid = salt + water

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5
Q

State two uses of group II compounds

A

⭕️ MgO - cure indigestion - reacts with excess stomach acid

⭕️ CaCO3 - toothpaste - neutralises acid on teeth

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6
Q

What is a use of calcium carbonate

A

Makes limewater:
Limestone heated - thermal decomposition to calcium oxide
Calcium oxide mixed with water to form calcium hydroxide (limewater)

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7
Q

What is cement made of

A

Calcium oxide and silica

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8
Q

What happens when water is added to calcium oxide and silica

A

Makes calcium silicate

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9
Q

What happens when aluminium oxide reacts with calcium oxide

A

Makes calcium aluminate

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10
Q

What happens when water evaporates from calcium silicate and calcium aluminate

A

They crystallise and form solid cement

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11
Q

What is concrete

A

Cement with gravel and more sand added

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12
Q

What is the equation for the thermal decomposition of metal carbonate

A

Metal carbonate ➡️ metal oxide + carbon dioxide

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13
Q

What is the trend for decomposition temperature as you descend group II

A

Increases down group

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14
Q

Why does thermal decomposition temperature increase down group II carbonates and hydroxides

A
  • Size of cation increases
  • Charge density decreases
  • Cation less able to polarise and destabilise carbonate ion
  • therefore more thermally stable
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15
Q

What is the general equation for the decomposition of metal hydroxides

A

Metal hydroxide ➡️ metal oxide + water

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16
Q

What is the trend for thermal decomposition temperature for metal hydroxides as you move down group II

A

Increases

17
Q

What is the trend of solubility of group II sulphates as you move down the group

A

Solubility decreases down group

18
Q

What is the trend of solubility of group II hydroxides as you move down the group

A

Solubility of hydroxides increases down the group

19
Q

What happens to the solubility of solids as temperature increases

A

Solubility increases

20
Q

What happens to gaseous solutes as temperature increases

A

Solubility decreases

21
Q

What is the trend for reactivity we you go down group II

A

Increases

22
Q

What is the general equation for the reaction of steam with a group II metal. Also write the general symbol equation

A

Metal + steam = metal oxide + hydrogen

See page 87 revision book

23
Q

What colour will magnesium burn with steam

A

White light

24
Q

What colour does calcium burn with when reacted with steam

A

Red

25
Q

What colour does strontium burn when reacted with steam

A

Red flame

26
Q

What colour does barium burn with when reacted with steam

A

Green

27
Q

What is the general equation for the reaction of group II elements with water. Write the symbol equation also

A

Metal + water = metal hydroxide + hydrogen

See page 87 rev book for symbol equation

28
Q

What are the observations when Mg reacts with water

A

Bubble very slowly

Metal dulls in appearance

29
Q

What are general observations for Ca, Sr and abs when they react with water

A

Bubbles
Heat
Eventually disappear

30
Q

What are the observations when calcium reacts with cold water

A

Gives sparingly soluble white hydroxide

Sinks and rises

31
Q

What are the observations when Sr reacts with cold water

A

Vigorous

Gives sparingly soluble white hydroxide - completely soluble in hot water

32
Q

What are the observations when Ba reacts with water

A

V vigorous

Forms white hydroxide- moderately soluble in water

33
Q

What is the general equation when group II elements react with oxygen. Write the symbol version too

A

Metal + oxygen ➡️ metal oxide

See page 86 revision book

34
Q

What are the observations for Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba when they react with oxygen

A 
All produce white powder
Mg = bright white light
Ca = brick red flame
Sr = red flame 
Ba = green flame
35
Q

What is the general and symbol equation for the reaction between group II elements and acids. (Both HCl and H2SO4)

A

Metal + acid = metal salt + hydrogen

See page 88 rev book

36
Q

What are the observations for the reaction of group II metal and acid

A

Heat released
Bubbles
Metal disappears
Colourless solution formed

AS Chemistry unit 2 (10 decks)

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