Group 5

Question 1

it is the basic function
of management.

Answer 1

planning

Question 2

according to Nickels and others, refers to “The management function that involves anticipating future trends and determining the best strategies and tactics to achieve organizational objectives.

Answer 2

planning

Question 3

“the selection and sequential ordering of tasks required to achieve an organizational goal.” - Aldag and Stearns,

Answer 3

planning

Question 4

1. helps managers to improve future performance
2. minimizes risks and uncertainty
3. facilitates coordination of activities
4. provides direction for action
5. uncovers and identifies opportunity and threats
6. sets out standard for controlling

Answer 4

importance of planning

Question 5

what are the 4 theories of planning

CCSB

Answer 5

classical theory
contingency theory
systems theory
behavioral theory

Question 6

This theory emphasizes a structured approach to planning and management, focusing on hierarchy, formal rules, and efficiency.

Answer 6

classical theory

Question 7

this theory views organizations as interconnected systems composed of various components that work together to achieve overall objectives.

Answer 7

systems theory

Question 8

this theory posts that effective management and planning depend on the specific context of the organization, with no single best way to manage. This theory asserts that the optimal course of action varies.

Answer 8

contingency theory

Question 9

this theory emphasizes the human aspects of management, focusing on the behaviors, motivations, and interactions of individuals and groups within an organization.

Answer 9

behavioral theory

Question 10

what are the 3 different approaches to planning

Answer 10

top-down vs bottom-up
strategic vs. tactical
incremental vs. comprehensive

Question 11

A senior management or
project leaders define the
overall goals,

Answer 11

top-down

Question 12

Engineers and technical staff play a more active role

Answer 12

bottom-up

Question 13

Involve analyzing competitive opportunities and threats, as well as the strengths and weaknesses of the organization,

Answer 13

strategic

Question 14

Is intermediate-range (one to three years) planning that is designed to develop relatively concrete and specific means to implement the strategic plan.

Answer 14

tactical

Question 15

Emphasizes gradual, step-by-step improvements or changes.

Answer 15

incremental

Question 16

Is more broad and often involves tackling multiple aspects of a project or process in a single, all- encompassing change.

Answer 16

comprehensive

Question 17

enumerate the planning process

SCIR

Answer 17

setting goal
creating plans
implementing
reviewing

Question 18

A standard may be defined as “a quantitative or qualitative measuring device designed to help monitor the performances of people, capital goods or processes.”

Answer 18

setting goal

Question 19

a crucial step for organizing and guiding, the successful completion of engineering projects.

Answer 19

CREATING PLAN

Question 20

involves
translating the
strategic plan into
actionable steps.

Answer 20

implementing

Question 21

A critical process for evaluating the effectiveness, progress, and outcomes of the plan as it is executed.

Answer 21

reviewing

Question 22

what are the 4 types of plans

Answer 22

1. functional area plans
2. plans with time horizon
3. plans according to frequency and use
4. plans by scope and level

Question 23

what are the 4 different managerial plans under functional area plans

MPFH

Answer 23

marketing plan
production plan
financial plan
human resource management plan

Question 24

a document or the blueprint to execute and handle an organization’s marketing activity according to a certain marketing strategy

Answer 24

marketing plan

Question 25

a written **document outlining the quantity of production** for a company as a whole and on a product family basis

Answer 25

production plan

Question 26

a **document that sums up the present status of the organization’s finances**, analyzes financial needs and suggests a course for financial activities

Answer 26

financial plan

Question 27

a **document that shows the human resource needs** of a company with respect to quantity, and this is done in terms of quantity and quality, according to the needs for the company’s strategic plan

Answer 27

human resource management plan

Question 28

what are the two kind of **plans with time horizons**

Answer 28

short range plans long range plans

Question 29

**plans with a time period of less than one year**. These plans are mostly of concern to first line supervisors

Answer 29

short range plans

Question 30

**plans** which are expected to **take longer than one year**. These plans are mostly carried out by the middle and top level management

Answer 30

long range plans

Question 31

what are the 2 kinds of **plans** according to **frequency and use**

Answer 31

standing plan single-use plan

Question 32

**plans that are repeated time** and time again and focus on things that happen practically over and over.

Answer 32

standing plan

Question 33

standing plans may be further classified into 3

Answer 33

policies, procedure, and rules

Question 34

broad guidelines which will **help managers at all levels**

Answer 34

policies

Question 35

plans that **explain in** **detail** the sequence of actions

Answer 35

procedure

Question 36

statements of permitted or **required actions**

Answer 36

rules

Question 37

**plans** that contain courses of action that are relatively **unique** and are probably going to be repeated, and that are **specifically developed to be implemented**.

Answer 37

single-use plan

Question 38

single-use plan can be further classified into 3

Answer 38

BUDGETS, PROGRAMS, AND PROJECTS

Question 39

as Weston and Brigham put it, “a plan specifying **how much one plans to spend in a certain activity** indicating from where the funds will be obtained”

Answer 39

budgets

Question 40

a single use plan that **integrates a large number of activities**

Answer 40

programs

Question 41

usually a more limited in scope plan for a single use and sometimes **prepared to support a program**

Answer 41

project

Question 42

what are the 3 types of **plans by scope and level** STO

Answer 42

strategic planning tactical planning operational planning

Question 43

enumerate the best practices for effective planning SIGBR

Answer 43

set clear objectives involve stakeholders gather reliable data be flexible regularly review plans

Question 44

obstacles that hinders a succesfull planning LIIFO

Answer 44

* lack of commitment * improper planning process * insufficient information * focus on short term goals * overreliance on planning department