Group 3 - Computer-Software Flashcards
Performs Information Processing Tasks for End Users
Application Software
Manages and Supports Operations of Computer Systems and Networks
System Software
Examples of Purpose Application Programs
- Software Suites
- Web Browsers
- Electronic Mail
- Word Processing
- Spreadsheets
- Database Managers
- Presentation Graphics
- Personal Information
Managers - Groupware
Examples of Application-Specific Programs
- Business-Accounting, Transaction Processing, Customer Relationship Management, Enterprise Resource Planning, Electronic Commerce, etc.
- Science and Engineering
- Education, Entertainment,
etc.
Examples of System Management Programs
- Operating Systems
- Network Management Programs
- Database Management Systems
- Application S e r v e r s
- System Utilities
- Performance and
Security Monitors
Examples of System Development Programs
- Programming Language Translators
- Programming Editors a n d Tools
- Computer-Aided
Software Engineering (CASE) Packages
General Purpose
* Programs that perform common information processing jobs for end users; e.g., word processing, spreadsheet
* Also call productivity packages
Custom Software
* Software applications developed within an organization for use by that organization
Application Software
- Many copies sold
- Minimal changes beyond scheduled upgrades
- Purchasers have no control over specifications, schedule, or evolution, and no access to source code or internal documentation
- Product vendor retains the intellectual property rights of the software
Commercial Off-the-Shelf * (COTS)
- Developers collaborate on the development of an application using programming standards which allow
anyone to contribute to the software - As each developer completes a project, the application code becomes available and free to anyone who wants it
Open-source Software
Thousands of these packages support specific applications of end users
Examples: customer relationship management, enterprise resource planning, supply chain management, Web-enabled electronic commerce
Function-Specific Application Software
Most widely used productivity packages are bundled together as _____
software suites
Give advantages and disadvantages of Software Suites, Integrated Packages
Advantages
* Cost less than buying individual packages
* AII have similar GUI
* Work well together
Disadvantages
* AII features not used
* Takes a lot of disk space (bloatware)
Software applications that support navigation through the point-and-click hyper-linked resources of the Web
- Becoming the universal platform from which end users launch, Information searches, E-mail, Multimedia file transfer, Discussion groups and other Internet-based applications
Web Browsers
Browsers are used to gain access to Internet
_____
Examples are: Google, Ask Jeeves, Look Smart, Lycos, Overture, Yahoo!
Using _____ to find information has become an indispensable part of Internet, intranet, and extranet applications
(same answer on blanks)
Search Engines
Software to communicate by sending and receiving messages and attachments via the Internet, intranet, or extranet
Receive electronic messages instantly
Instant messaging (1M)
A personal website in dated log format updated with new information about a subject or range of subjects
Weblog or blog
Create, edit, revise, and print documents
Example: Microsoft Word, Lotus WordPro, Corel WordPerfect ,Google Docs
Word Processing
Produce printed materials that look professionally published
* Example: Adobe PageMaker, Microsoft Publisher, QuarkXPress
Desktop Publishing
Used by virtually every business for Analysis, planning, modeling
Electronic Spreadsheets
- Worksheet of rows and columns
- Can be stored on local computer or on network
- Requires designing format and developing the relationships (formulas)
- Most help you develop charts and graphic displays of spreadsheet results
- Supports what-if questions
Electronic Spreadsheet
- Converts numeric data into graphics displays
- Used to create multimedia presentations of graphics, photos, animation, and video clips
- E.g., Microsoft PowerPoint, Lotus Freelance, Corel Presentations
- Top packages can tailor files for transfer in HTML format to websites
Presentation Graphics
Software for end user productivity and collaboration
* Stores information about clients
* Manages schedules, appointments, tasks
* Most include ability to access the Web and provide e-mail capabilities
* Some support team collaboration by sharing information with other PIM users
* Example: Lotus Organizer, Microsoft Outlook
Personal Information Managers
Software that helps workgroups collaborate on Group assignments
* E-mail, discussion groups, databases, video conferencing
* Example: Lotus Notes, Novell GroupWise, Microsoft Exchange
* Windows SharePoint Services and WebSphere both allow teams to create websites for information sharing and document collaboration
Groupware
Outsourcing development and maintenance of Software
Software Alternatives
- Companies that own, operate, and maintain application software and computer system resources
- Use the application for a fee over the Internet
- Pay-as-you-go
- Use expected to accelerate in the coming years
Application service providers (ASPs)
All COTS and ASP software is licensed, Involves the underlying..
* Intellectual property rights
* Copyright
* Trademark
* Trade secrets
* Also involves traditional contract law, including Uniform Commercial Code (UCC)
You don’t buy software
* You buy a license to use the software
* Licensed to protect the vendor’s property rights
Software Licensing
- Integrated system of programs that…
- Manages the operations of the CPU
- Controls the input/output, storage resources, and activities of the computer system
- Provides support services as the computer executes application programs
- The _____ must be loaded and activated before other tasks can be accomplished
Operating Systems
The part of the operating system that allows you to communicate with it
User Interface
Three main types of User Interface
Command-driven
Menu-driven
Graphical user interfaces (GUI)
Part of the operating system that manages the hardware and networking resources of a computer system
* Includes CPU, memory, secondary storage devices, telecommunications, and input/output peripherals
Common functions
* Keeping track of where data and programs are stored
* Subdividing memory; providing virtual memory capability
Resource Management
End User/ System and Network Communications
User Interface
Managing the Use of Hardware
Resource
Management
Managing the Accomplishment of Tasks
Task
Management
Managing Data and Program Files
File Management
Providing a Variety of Support Services
Utilities
and Other
Functions
Part of the operating system that controls the creation, deletion, and access of files and programs
* Keeps track of physical location on storage devices
* Maintains directories of information about the location and characteristics of stored files
File Management
Part of the operating system that manages the accomplishment of end user computing tasks
* Controls which task gets access to the CPU, and for how long
* Can interrupt the CPU at any time to substitute a higher priority task
* Supports preemptive and cooperative multi- tasking and multi-processing
Task Management
- GUI, multitasking, networking, multimedia
- Microsoft’s operating system
- NT, XP, 2003
- Different versions manage servers
Windows
- Multitasking, multi-user, network-managing
- Portable - can run on mainframes, midrange, and PCs
Unix
- Low-cost, powerful reliable Unix-like operating system
- Open-source
Linux
- Apple operating system for the iMac
- GUI
- Multitasking
- Multimedia
MAC OS X
