GROUP 1 UNIT 1: FOUNDATION OF IS IN BUSINESS Flashcards
______ have become as integrated into our daily business activities as accounting, finance, operations management, marketing, human resource management, or any other major business function.
INFORMATION SYSTEMS
_______ including internet-based information systems, are playing vital and expanding roles in business.
INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGIES
_______ can help all kinds of businesses improve the efficiency and effectiveness of their business processes, managerial decision making, and workgroup collaboration, which strengthens their competitive positions in rapidly changing marketplaces.
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
___ are quite simply, an essential ingredient for business success in today’s dynamic global environment.
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES AND SYSTEMS
An _____ can be any organized combination of people, hardware, software, communication networks, data resources, and policies and procedures that stores, retrieves, transforms and disseminates information in an organization.
INFORMATION SYSTEM (IS)
What are major areas of IS knowledge needed by business professional?
- Management Challenges
- Business Applications
- Development Processes
- Information Technologies
- Foundation Concepts
Major concepts, developments, and management issues in information technology- that is hardware, software, networks, data management and many Internet-based technologies.
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES
Fundamental behavioral, technical, business, and managerial concepts about the components and roles of information systems.
FOUNDATION CONCEPTS
Information systems also help store managers and other business professionals make better decisions.
Support of Business Decision Making
For example, most retail stores now use computer-based information systems to help their employees record customer purchases, keep track of inventory, pay employees, buy new merchandise, and evaluate sales trends. Store operations would grind to a halt without the support of such information systems
Support of Business Processes and Operations
For example, decisions about what lines of merchandise need to be added or discontinued and what kind of investments they require are typically made after an analysis provided by computer-based information systems. This function not only supports the decision making of store managers, buyers, and others, but also helps them look for ways to gain an advantage over other retailers in the competition for customers.
Support of Business Decision Making
Gaining a strategic advantage over competitors requires the innovative application of information technologies.
Support of Strategies for Competitive Advantage
For example, store management might make a decision to install touch-screen kiosks in all stores, with links to the e-commerce Web site for online shopping. This offering might attract new customers and build customer loyalty because of the ease of shopping and buying merchandise provided by such information systems. Thus, strategic information systems can help provide products and services that give a business a comparative advantage over its competitors.
Support of Strategies for Competitive Advantage
Process data resulting from business transactions, update operational databases, and produce business documents. Examples: sales and inventory processing and accounting systems
Transaction Processing Systems
Monitor and control industrial processes. Examples: petroleum refining, power generation, and steel production systems
Process Control Systems
Support team, workgroup, and enterprise communications and collaborations. Examples: email, chat, and video conferencing groupware systems.
Enterprise Collaboration Systems
Knowledge-based systems that provide expert advice and act as expert consultants to users. Examples: credit application advisor, process monitor, and diagnostic maintenance systems.
Expert Systems
Knowledge-based systems that support the creation, organization, and dissemination of business knowledge within the enterprise. Examples: intranet access to best business practices, sales proposal strategies, and customer problem resolution systems.
Knowledge management systems
Support a variety of operational and managerial applications of the basic business functions of a company. Examples: information systems that support applications in accounting, finance, marketing, operations management, and human resource management
Functional Business System
Most computer-based information systems are conceived, designed, and implemented using some form of systematic development process.
Developing IS solutions
The success of an information system should not be measured only by its _____ in terms of minimizing costs, time, and the use of information resources.
efficiency
Examples of other activities include _______ the economic or technical feasibility of a proposed application, acquiring and learning how to use any software necessary to _____ the new system, and making improvements to _____ the business value of a system.
Investigating, implement, maintain
Further, rising labor costs in North America, Canada, and Europe have resulted in a ________ to outsource basic software programming functions to India, the Middle East, and Asia-Pacific countries
Large-scale movement
secret or illegal cooperation or conspiracy in order to deceive others.
Collusion
Despite this move, _______ in the information systems field are strong, with more new and exciting jobs emerging each day as organizations continue to expand their use of information technology.
employment opportunities
According to recent reports by the U.S. Department of Labor, computer systems analysts, database administrators, and other managerial-level IS positions are _____ to be among the fastest-growing occupations through 2012.
expected
Perhaps the time has come to put a sharper edge on this message: The field of _______ is growing at an increasingly rapid pace, and there is no risk of being unemployed upon graduation!
information systems
A major functional area of business equally as important to business success as the _____ of accounting, finance, operations management, marketing, and human resource management.
Functions
A recognized _____ of value to the firm.
source
A ______ in developing competitive products and services that give an organization a strategic advantage in the global marketplace
vital ingredient
A key _______ of the resources, infrastructure, and capabilities of today’s networked business enterprises.
component
The major uses of information systems for the operations, management and competitive advantage of a business.
BUSINESS APPLICATIONS
How business professionals and information specialists plan, develop and implement information systems to meet business opportunities.
DEVELOPMENT PROCESSES
The challenges of effectively and ethically managing information technology at the end-user, enterprise, and global levels of a business.
MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES
There are three vital roles that information systems can perform for a business enterprise:
a. Support of business processes and operations.
b. Support of decision making by employees and managers.
c. Support of strategies for competitive
What are the three fundamental roles of the business applications of information system?
a. Support of Business Processes and Operations
2. Support of Business Decision Making
3. Support of Strategies for Competitive Advantage
As a consumer, you regularly encounter information systems that support the business processes and operations at the many retail stores where you shop.
Support of Business Processes and Operations
_____ can be more generally considered an online exchange of value.
E-business
Any online exchange of information, money, resources, services, or any combination thereof falls under the _______.
E- business umbrella
_______ those inside the enterprise (intranet) and between an enterprise and its trading partners (extranet) - have become the primary information technology infrastructure that supports the e-business applications of many companies
The Internet and Internet-like networks
Several types of information systems can be classified as either ________
operations or management information systems.
It produces support systems produce a variety of information products for internal and external use: however, they do not emphasize the specific information products that can best be used by managers.
Operations Support Systems
Further processing by management information systems is usually required.
Operations Support System
The role of a business firm’s operations support systems is to process business transactions, control industrial processes, support enterprise communications and collaborations, and update corporate databases efficiently
Operations Support System
When information system applications focus on providing information and support for effective decision making by managers, they are called _____
Management Support Systems
Provide information in the form of prespecified reports and displays to support business decision making. Examples: sales analysis, production performance, and cost trend reporting systems.
Management Information Systems
Provide interactive ad hoc support for the decision-making processes of managers and other business professionals. Examples: product pricing, profitability forecasting, and risk analysis systems
Decision Support Systems
Provide critical information from MIS, DSS, and other sources tailored to the information needs of executives. Examples: systems for easy access to analyses of business performance, actions of competitors, and economic developments to support strategic planning.
Executive Information Systems
Support operations or management processes that provide a firm with strategic products, services, and capabilities for competitive advantage. Examples: online stock trading, shipment tracking, and e-commerce Web systems
Strategic Information Systems
Success in today’s dynamic business environment depends heavily on maximizing the use of Internet-based technologies and Web-enabled information systems to meet the competitive requirements of customers, suppliers, and other business partners in a global marketplace
Managerial Challenges of Information Technology (IT)
Success should also be measured by the _______ of the information technology in supporting an organization’s business strategies, enabling its business processes, enhancing its organizational structures and culture, and increasing the customer and business value of the enterprise.
effectiveness
In this development process, end users and information specialists design information system applications on the basis of an_______of the business requirements of an organization.
analysis
the action of breaking the terms of a law, agreement, etc.; violation.
infringement
Challenges of IT Careers
In recent years______ have affected all job sectors, including IT
economic downturns
In addition, these new jobs pose constant ________ challenges to all organizations because shortages of qualified information systems personnel frequently occur.
Human resource management
_______ in business and information technologies cause constantly changing job requirements in information systems, which will ensure that the long-term job outlook in IT remains both positive and exciting.
Dynamic developments
Despite the recent economic downturn among information technology firms, IS professionals still ______ favorable job prospects.
enjoy
The successful management of information systems and technologies presents major challenges to _______ and ______
business managers, professionals
An important ________ to operational efficiency, employee productivity and morale, and customer service and satisfaction.
contributor
A major source of information and support needed to promote _______ decision making by managers and business professionals.
effective
A dynamic, rewarding, and challenging career opportunity for millions of ______.
men and women
A strategic _____
resource
