Group 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Why does the melting point decrease as you go down the group?

A

The distance between the positive ions and delocalised electrons increase this electrostatic forces weakens

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2
Q

What is the equation for Magnesium when burning in oxygen?

A

2Mg + O2 ——> 2MgO

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3
Q

What kind of flame does Magnesium burn?

A

bright white flame

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4
Q

Why does an uncleaned Mg ribbon would give false results when testing for reaction rate with Mg and acid?

A

Mg and MgO would react at different rates

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5
Q

Reaction with Mg and HCl

A

Mg + 2HCl —> MgCl2 + H2

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6
Q

Equation for Mg with steam

A

Mg(s) + H2O (g) —-> MgO(s) + H2(g)

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7
Q

Equation for Mg with warm water

A

Mg(s) + 2H2O (g) —-> Mg(OH)2 (s) + H2(g)

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8
Q

Why Titanium useful?

A

abundant, low density, corrosive resitant

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9
Q

How is titanium extracted?

A

using a more reactive metal (e.g. magnesium)

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10
Q

What is the first step in extracting titanium?

A

TiO2 (s) is converted to TiCl4 at 900 degrees

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11
Q

What is the second step in extracting titanium?

A

TiCl4 is purified by fractional distillation in an argon atmosphere

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12
Q

What is the third step in extracting titanium?

A

Ti extracted by Mg at 500 degrees

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13
Q

What is the first step equation for the extraction?

A

TiO2 + 2Cl2 +2C —–> TiCl4 + 2CO

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14
Q

What is the second step equation for the extraction?

A

TiCl4 +2Mg —-> Ti + 2MgCl2

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15
Q

What happens to the solubility of hydroxide as you go down group 2?

A

increases (more soluble)

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16
Q

What is the ionic equation for Mg(OH)2

A

Mg2+ (aq) + 2OH- (aq) —–> Mg(OH)2 (s)

17
Q

What Magnesium hydroxide used in? and what equation

A

To neutralise stomach acid
Mg(OH)2 + 2HCl —> MgCl2 + 2H2O

18
Q

Why is Mg(OH)2 safe to use

A

Mg(OH)2 is weak alkaline

19
Q

What is calcium hydroxide appear as and what is it used for?

A

white precipitate
used in agriculture to neutralise acidic soils

20
Q

Why is calcium hydroxide in water more alkaline than magnesium hydroxide?

A

It is more soluble so more hydroxide ions present in solution

21
Q

What is the equation for use of calcium hydroxide as lime water?

A

Ca(OH)2 (aq) + CO2 (g) —> CaCO3 (s) + H2O (l)

22
Q

What happens to solubility of sulfate in group 2 as you go down?

A

solubility decreases

23
Q

Barium sulfate is for? and what happens after ingested?

A

Barium meal; The barium absorbs the x rays and the gut shows shows up on the image. Barium sulfate is low solubility so not absorbed in blood.

24
Q

Equation with Barium and sulfuric acid

A

Ba + H2SO4 ——> BaSO4 + H2

25
What reagent is used when testing for sulfate ions?
BaCl2 solution acidified with HCl
26
What happens when BaCl2 is added to solution with sulfate ions
white precipitate formed
27
Ionic equation of Ba and sulfate ions
Ba2+ (aq) + SO4 2- (aq) ----> BaSO4(s)
28
Why is HCl used?
To react with carbonate impurities found in salts
29
Equation for HCl and carbonate?
2HCl + Na2CO3 -----> 2NaCl + H2O + CO2