Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Neuroscience > Gross Topography of the Spinal Cord > Flashcards

Gross Topography of the Spinal Cord Flashcards

1
Q

What essentially is the spinal cord?

A

A conduction pathway for nerves and nerve impulses located within the vertebral column

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What protects the spinal cord?

A

Vertebrae, muscles, ligaments, meninges, and CSF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Where does the spinal cord extend from?

A

The pyramidal decussation to L2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the pyrimidial decussation?

A

Decussation means “crossing” - it is at the level of the medulla and the foramen magnum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the lumbar cistern?

A

The area between the end of the spinal cord - L2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where is the dural sac?

A

Level S2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the filum terminale?

A

Where the spinal cord is attached all the way down to the coccyx, this is to maintain integrity and prevent movement of the spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the primary curvatures?

A

Thoracic and sacral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the secondary curvatures?

A

Cervical and lumbosaccral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

When do the secondary curvatures develop?

A

When you are a baby, these develop as baby gains mobility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Why is differential growth important?

A

Because the vertebral column grows faster than the spinal cord, so for a new born, the bottom of the spinal cord is located around L2-L3 (lower) than for an adult where it is always at L2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Why is the spinal cord said to be “segmenta;”

A

because it is made up of 31 pairs of spinal nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the spinal nerves

A 
Cervical - 8
Thoracic - 12
Lumbar - 5
Saccral - 5
Coccygeal - 1
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Where do the spinal nerves exit?

A

C1-C7 exit above the vertebrae of the same number, but C8 and below exit blow the vertebral body of the same number

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the conus medullaris?

A

Where the spinal cord ends and forms a “v”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the cauda quina?

A

Group of spinal nerve roots, said to look like a horse tail

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the filum terminale?

A

A little piece of conus medullaris that attaches to the coccyx, The outside is dura and the inside is pia, it is said to be a “tethered cord” and the internis is 2/3 of the total volume whereas the externis is 1/3

“pia encased in dura”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Denticulate ligaments?

A

keep spinal cord from moving too much, located inside the dura, made of pia, serated in shape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is tethered cord syndrome?

A

Filum terminale is too tight and prevents any movement at all, can cause permanent damage to the spinal cord, caused by disturbed or improper growth of neural tube, spina bifida, and or trauma

20
Q

What is the dorsal rootlet?

A

Small, fine, thin structures that coalesce to form the dorsal root, such as the dorsal root ganglia

21
Q

What is the dorsal root?

A

Sensory

22
Q

What is the ventral root?

A

Motor

23
Q

What happens after the dorsal root ganglia?

A

The spinal nerves become mixed nerves

24
Q

How are spinal nerves different from dermatomes?

A

Spinal nerves are associated with a specific somite; cutaneous distribution is mixing spinal nerves, and a dermatome is strictly one spinal nerve for each area

1 somite per spinal nerve

25
Q

Lumbar puncture

A

Aim for the cauda equina at L4/L5 so that you dont hit the spinal cord which is at L2; to get a CSF sample you have to go through the dura, but for anesthesia purposes, you do NOT want to go all the way through the dura

26
Q

What is the anterior median fissure?

A

The fissure on the anterior portion of the external spinal cord, it splits the cord in half, and the anterior spinal artery lives here

27
Q

What is the anterolateral sulcus?

A

Where rootlets exit, paired (on either side)

28
Q

What is the anterior funiculus?

A

Elevation between median fissure and anterolateral sulcus

29
Q

What is the posterior median sulcus?

A

The sulcus down the middle of the posterior aspect of the spinal cord, splits the backside in two

30
Q

What is the posterolateral sulcus?

A

where rootlets exit

31
Q

What are the parts of the dorsal column medial leminiscus?

A

Fasiculus gracilis and fasiculus cuneatus

32
Q

What do the fasiculus gracilis and fasiculus cuneatus do?

A

They are sensory tracts that contain axons with sensory information
Fasiculus gracilis contains sensory information from the legs and the fasiculus cuneatus contains sensory information from the arms and trunk area

Sensory info that is carried is touch and proprioception

33
Q

What are the contents of the gray matter

A

Cell bodies
Horns (dorsal, ventral, lateral)
Gray commisure - which surrounds the central canal
Central canal which is continuous up to the 4th ventricle

34
Q

When is the central canal no longer “patent” (no longer open)?

A

20 years old

35
Q

What are the contents of the white matter

A

Funiculi (axons, fibers)

Anterior white commisure - contains axons and is found anterior or ventral to the gray commisure

36
Q

What is in the intermediate zone?

A

Contains inter neurons / association neurons

Between the dorsal horn and the ventral horn

37
Q

What is Lissauer’s Tract?

A

A regional specialization of the posterior horn (dorsal horn) that contains sensory afferents coming into the dorsal horn (tip)

38
Q

What is the Substantia Gelatinosa (SG)?

A

Part of the regional specialization of the posterior horn (dorsal horn), the primary neuron for spinalthalamo tract (STT) - also called ALS (anterolateral system) - contains pain and temp info

39
Q

What is the regional specialization of the anterior horn (ventral horn)?

A

The motor neurons in the LMN

40
Q

What are the regional specializations of the intermediate area?

A

IML

Clarke’s Nucleus - location of cell bodies for unconscious proprioception

41
Q

What is the Rexed Lamina?

A

Map of gray matter based on input and trajectory information of axons

42
Q

Posterior Horn (I-VI) are found in what part of the rexed lamina?

A 
Lamina I - VI
I: caps SG
II: SG
III-IV: Internal to SG
V-VI: base of DH
43
Q

Intermediate Zone (VII) is found in what part of rexed lamina?

A

Lamina VII
Clarke’s nucleus
IML

44
Q

Anterior Horn is contained in what part of rexed lamina?

A

Lamina VIII - IX

45
Q

Central Canal is contained in what part of rexed lamina?

A

Lamina X

Neuroscience (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions