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Neuroscience > Gross Brain, Brainstem, Spinal Cord > Flashcards

Gross Brain, Brainstem, Spinal Cord Flashcards

1
Q

Diencephalon contains?

A
  • Thalamus

- Hypothalamus

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2
Q

Mesencephalon contains?

A
  • Midbrain

- Cerebral Aqueduct

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3
Q

Telencephalon contains?

A
  • Cerebral Hemisphere

- Lateral ventricle

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4
Q

Metencephalon contains?

A
  • Fourth ventricle (Upper)

- Pons

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5
Q

Myelencephalon contains?

A
  • Medulla

- Fourth ventricle (Lower)

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6
Q

Telencephalon (cortical anatomy)

A
  • Frontal
  • Parietal
  • Temporal
  • Occipital
  • Insular
  • Gyrus: ridge
  • Sulcus: groove
  • Fissure: deeper groove
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7
Q

Telencephalon (medial view)

- Integrates motor, sensory and helps both hemispheres communicate

A

Corpus Callosum

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8
Q

Telencephalon: (Medial view)
- Motor and sensory of
contralateral lower extremity

A

Paracentral Lobule

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9
Q

Telencephalon: (Medial view)

  • Limbic
  • Memory and learning
A

Cingulate gyrus

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10
Q

Telencephalon: (Medial view)

A

Olfactory Nerve

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11
Q

Frontal Lobe Functions

A

Personality, decision making, motor, speech

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12
Q 
Frontal Lobe
Frontal gyri: 
- Superior 
- Middle 
   - ?
- Inferior 
  - ?
A
  • Superior
  • Middle
    • Frontal eye fields
  • Inferior
    • Pars Orbitalis
    • Pars Triangularis
    • Pars Opercularis
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13
Q

Frontal Lobe
Precentral gyrus + Anterior paracentral gyru:
- ?

A

Precentral gyrus + Anterior paracentral gyru:

- Primary Motor cortex

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14
Q

Somotopically organized to represent the cortical distribution of different body regions

A

Homunculus (Coronal section)

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15
Q

Parietal Lobe Function

A

Sensory and association

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16
Q 
Parietal Lobe 
Parietal Lobule:
– Superior
– Inferior
    - ?
A 
Parietal Lobule:
– Superior
– Inferior
        • Supramarginal gyrus + Angular gyrus
                 – Wernicke’s area
17
Q

Parietal Lobe

  • Post central gyrus + Posterior paracentral gyrus
    - ?
A

Parietal Lobe

  • Post central gyrus + Posterior paracentral gyrus
    - Primary somatosensory cortex
18
Q

Parietal lobe association area?

A

Primary somatosensory association area

19
Q

Temporal Lobe Functions

A

Processing and interpretation of auditory stimuli, memory, and organizing/comprehending language

20
Q

Temporal Lobe

  • Temporal Gyri:
    • ?
A

Temporal Lobe

  • Temporal Gyri:
    • Superior
    • Middle
    • Inferior
21
Q

Temporal Lobe

  • Transverse temporal gyri:
    • ?
A

Temporal Lobe

  • Transverse temporal gyri:
    • Primary auditory association cortex
22
Q

Occipital Lobe Function

A

Integrating and processing visual stimuli

23
Q

Insular Lobe Function

24
Q

Insular Lobe

  • Short and Long gyri
    • Caudal = ?
    • Rostral = ?
A
  • Caudal = long

- Rostral = short

25
Q

What nerve is a part of the Diencephalon?

A

Optic Nerve

26
Q

Mesencephalon: Midbrain Contains :

  • ?
  • ?
  • ?
A 
• Brainstem:
     – Mesencephalon
           • Rostral
     – Metencephalon
     – Myelencephalon
• Oculomotor nerve
• (Tricky) Trochlear nerve
27
Q

Spinal Cord (External Anatomy):
• Spans from the ? to the ?
• Attached laterally by denticulate ligaments and caudally by filum terminale

A
  • Spans from the FORAMEN MAGNUM to the FIRST or SECOND LUMBAR VERTEBRA (adults)
  • Attached laterally by DENTICULATE LIGAMENTS and caudally by FILUM TERMINALE
28
Q

Regional Characteristics of the spinal cord

  • White matter:
    • ?
A

• White matter:
– Anterior funiculus (A)
– Lateral funiculus (L)
– Posterior funiculus (P)

29
Q

Regional Characteristics of the spinal cord

  • Gray Matter:
    • ?
A

• Gray Matter:
– Anterior horn
– Posterior horn
– Intermediate zone

30
Q

Regional Characteristics of the spinal cord

  • Cervical:
    • ?
A

• Cervical
– Oval
– Large AH and PH

31
Q

Regional Characteristics of the spinal cord

- Thoracic:

A

Thoracic:
– Round
– Small AH and PH

32
Q

Nucleus: Marginal Zone

  • Level:
  • Lamina:
  • Function:
A
  • Level: All
  • Lamina: I
  • Function: Some spinothalamic tract cells
33
Q

Nucleus: Substantia gelatinosa

  • Level:
  • Lamina:
  • Function:
A
  • Level: All
  • Lamina: II
  • Function: Modulate transmission of pain and temperature information
34
Q

Nucleus: Body of posterior horn

  • Level:
  • Lamina:
  • Function:
A
  • Level: All
  • Lamina: III- VI
  • Function: Sensory processing
35
Q

Nucleus: Clarke & apos;s nucleus

  • Level:
  • Lamina:
  • Function:
A
  • Level: T1-L2
  • Lamina: VII
  • Function: Posterior spinocerebellar tract cells
36
Q

Nucleus: Intermediolateral column

  • Level:
  • Lamina:
  • Function:
A
  • Level: T1-L3
  • Lamina: VII
  • Function: Preganglionic sympathetic neurons
37
Q

Nucleus: Sacral parasympathetic nucleus

  • Level:
  • Lamina:
  • Function:
A
  • Level: S2-S4
  • Lamina: VII
  • Function: Preganglionic parasympathetic neurons → pelvic viscera
38
Q

Nucleus: Accessory nucleus

  • Level:
  • Lamina:
  • Function:
A
  • Level: Medulla-C5
  • Lamina: IX
  • Function: Motor neurons → sternocleidomastoid and trapezius
39
Q

Nucleus: Phrenic nucleus

  • Level:
  • Lamina:
  • Function:
A
  • Level: C3-C5
  • Lamina: IX
  • Function: Motor neurons → diaphragm

Neuroscience (14 decks)

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