Gross Brain Flashcards
___________ are tissue membranes that serve to support and protect the brain and act as fluid boundaries
Meninges
Pachymeninx
another name for Dura Mater
Dura Mater
Two layers. Outer is endosteum of skull, Inner is meningeal layer. Two dural layers separate to form venous sinuses. May reflect on itself to form dura septae.
Arachnoid
Thin layer that adheres tightly to inside of dura
Arachnoid Trabeculae
filaments of arachnoid that extend internally to terminate on the surface of the next layer
Pia Mater
the layer that immediately covers the brain.
It extends to the depths of the sulci and follows blood vessels into the substance of the brain
Leptomeninges
a collective name for the arachnoid
and pia
Dural Septae consists of
Falx Cerebri and Tentorium Cerebelli
Tentorium Cerebelli
The tentorium separates the cerebellum below
from the occipital lobe above.
The tentorium extends around the brainstem. The
opening created by the brainstem is called the tentorial incisure (notch)
The Skull floor contains 3 depressions
Anterior cranial fossa
Middle cranial fossa
Posterior cranial fossa
Tentorium Cerebelli divides the cranial cavity into the
Supratentorial space
Infratentorial space
occupies the upper edge of
the falx cerebri
Superior Sagittal Sinus
the potential space between the skull and
the dura mater.
Epidural Space
the potential space beween the dura
mater and the arachnoid
Subdural Space
the space between the layer of arachnoid and the pia mater.
Subarachnoid Space
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is produced by vascular tufts located in
the lateral and 3rd and 4th ventricles
CSF exits the ventricular system into the
Subarachnoid Space
CSF is reabsorbed into the superior sagittal sinus through the
Arachnoid Granulations
The optic nerve is a _____ within the brain
Tract
The ___________ ______extends along the optic nerve to the back of the eye.
Subarachnoid Space
hydrocephalus
an abnormal increase in CSF pressure. Reflected by changes in optic papilla
Epidural Hematoma
the result of blood entering the epidural space; often the result of damage to the middle meningeal artery
Subdural Hematoma
the result of blood entering the subdural space; often the result of damage to small veins that cross from the brain to the venous sinuses
The Brain is supplied by:
Internal carotid artery
Vertebral artery
The vertebral arteries merge at the _____________
junction to form the ________ artery.
Pontomedullary, basilar
The _________ _________ ________arrives in the vicinity of the diencephalon
Internal Carotid Artery
Cerebral arterial circle of Willis
a union of the vertebral-basilar system and the internal carotid system
90% of aneurysms are
Congenital
If aneurysms rupture they allow blood to enter:
the Subarachnoid space
Blood is supplied to the lateral aspect of the brain by
Middle cerebral artery
Anterior cerebral artery
Posterior cerebral artery
Blood is supplied to the medial aspect of the brain by
Anterior cerebral artery
Posterior cerebral artery
