Gross anatomy pt 2 Flashcards
types of neurons
- sensory
- motor
- interneurons
- neurological cells
- made of cytoplasm
- carries info to cells
- highly arborized
- carry graded potentials
neuronal dendrites
- has DNA and RNA
- produce ribosomes and then move them to cytoplasm
nucleus
- proteins, organelles, and liquid
cytoplasm
- acts as pathways for protein
- give cells their shape
scaffolding
- sums all graded potentials
axonal hillock
- fiber carrying info away from cell body
axon
break in the myelin sheath
nodes of ranvier
branching at the end of the axon
telodendria
bulge at the end of teledendria
bouton
pockets to hold neurotrasmitters
synaptic vessels
space between the bouton and dendrtes
synaptic cleft
- long axon
- form sensory and motor tracts
Golgi I
- short central processes
- interneurons
Golgi II
neurons have _______
resting potential
resting potential is ____ on the outside and _____ on the inside
Na+, K+
when hillock sum reaches a certain point the membrane permeability changes
- starts sodium potassium pump
depolarization
after the max amount of sodium is pumped in, the membrane permeability changes again and the pump reverses
hyperpolarization
boutons release a chemical or neurotrasmitter into the synaptic cleft
neurotransmitters
types of neurotransmitters
- acetylcholine - excited CNS
- glutamate and aspartate - excited NS
- GABA most common
random movement of particles through a gas or liquid
brownian movement
depending on which chemical is released the effect on the next neurons dendrites may be excitatory or inhibitory
- causes depolarization
EPSP
inhibitory postsynaptic potential
- causes hyperpolarization
IPSP
