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neuroscience > cerebellum > Flashcards

cerebellum Flashcards

1
Q
  • means pretty brain
  • large cerebellum means large cerebrum
  • most organized portion of the nervous system
  • algorithm
A

cerebellum facts

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2
Q

what is the cerebellum cortex located

A

outer portion

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3
Q

where is the cerebellum nuclei located

A

under the cortex

in the white matter

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4
Q

what are the three pairs of cerebellar nuclei

A

fastigial
interposed
dentate

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5
Q

all info that leaves the cerebellum goes through

A

one of the cerebellar nuclei

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6
Q

most medial cerebellar nuclei

A

fastigial

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7
Q

in primates

located between the other two cerebellar nuclei

A

interposed

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8
Q

most lateral cerebellar nuclei

A

dentate

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9
Q

how does the cerebellum connect to the brain stem

A
  • 3 large fiber tracts

- these tracts account for all entering and leaving fiber

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10
Q

what are the 3 large tracts that connect the cerebellum to the brain stem

A

superior cerebellar peduncle
middle cerebellar peduncle
inferior cerebellar peduncle

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11
Q
  • only tract that carrier info out of the cerebellum

- all the fibers are coming from cerebellar subcortical nuclei and carrying info out of cerebellum

A

superior cerebellar peduncle

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12
Q
  • brodmanns 4

- primarily carries info from cerebrum to cerebellum

A

middle cerebellar peduncle

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13
Q
  • carries input into cerebellum from spinal cord, vestibular nuclei, and inferior olivary nucleus
A

inferior cerebellar peduncle

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14
Q
  • involved with motor control
  • no perceptual role
  • not conscious or sensory
  • develops from alar plate
  • main purpose is setting up motor activities
  • responsible for coordination and computation of complex movement
A

general cerebellum function

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15
Q
  • extensors and flexors are simply muscles or motor units

- need to contracted and relaxed in a certain order

A

antagonistic control by cerebellum

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16
Q

computing timing uses the

A

entire cerebellum

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17
Q

computing force- how many muscles needed for a function- uses the

A

cortex of the cerebellum

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18
Q

if any damage occurs to the cerebellum a person has an _______ tremor

A

intentional

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19
Q

at rest there is no visible tremor- only during voluntary movement

A

intentional tremor

20
Q

an intentional tremor is a ___ problem with extensors and the flexors

A

timing

21
Q

alcohol affects the

A

cerebellum

22
Q

cerebellum problems in general cause ________

A

control problems

23
Q

what are some other issues that come from cerebellum damage?

A

posture and equilibrium

24
Q
  • mainly from cunneate and clark’s nuclei
  • proprioception
  • ipsilateral
  • general spinothalamic and dorsal column info but in the form of touch info and not pain
  • goes directly to cerebellum
A

cerebellar input from spinal cord

25
Q
  • brain stem
  • ipsi projection
  • provided info as to the state of he body
  • direct
A

cerebellar input from vestibular nuclei

26
Q
  • brain stem
  • getting info from neocortex
  • projections then go to cerebellum via pontine
  • projections from cortex to the pontine angle are ipsi then they cross to the contralteral cerebellum
A

cerebellar input from pontine nuclei

27
Q
  • brain stem to medulla
  • main input to cerebellum
  • starting point for the olivocerebellar tract
  • names of fibers running from ION in the medulla to the cerebellum via the inferior cerebellar peduncle
A

cerebellar inputs from inferior olivary nuclei

28
Q
  • ION inputs are
    • contralateral spinal cord
    • ipsi red nucleus
    • contralateral motor strip on the cerebral cortex
    • contralateral cerebellum (dentate and interposed)
  • info starts at ION, crosses medulla and goes to all parts of cerebellar cortex
A

olivocerebellar tract

29
Q

what are the two types of cellular inputs to the cerebellum?

A

mossy fiber and climbing fiber inputs

30
Q
  • the spinal cord, vestibular portion and the inputs from the neocortex
  • mossy fibers make up the main circuitry within the cerebellum
A

mossy fiber inputs to the cerebellum

31
Q
  • inferior olivary nucleus

- regulatory function

A

climbing fiber inputs to the cerebellum

32
Q

what are the cerebellar outputs from the spinal cord

A

vestibular nuclei and red nucleus

33
Q

info goes down to the spinal cord

A

vestibular nuclei output

34
Q

forms the rubrospinal tract and carries info down to the spinal cord

A

red nucleus output

35
Q

what are the other cerebellar outputs

A 
ventrolateral nuclei (VLN)
reticular formation
36
Q

thalamic relay nuclei and sends info to the motor strip in the cortex (brodmanns 4)

A

ventrolateral nuclei (VLN) output

37
Q

many cerebellum outputs go to the reticular formation which then incorporates the info into its own system thus going to most places in the brain

A

reticular formation

38
Q
  • input / output doesnt match up
  • for mossy fibers, raw info enters via the peduncles and splits between the cerebellum nuclei and the cerebellum cortex
    - from the cortex, the info is sent to the cerebellum nuclei and then is sent as output
  • only output is through the cerebellum nuclei
A

input / output functions

39
Q

what are the 3 zones of the cortex

A

anterior
posterior
flocculonodular

40
Q

receives input from the spinal cord

A

anterior lobe of the cortex

41
Q

the middle layer
gets info from the pons
largest of all 3 zones in mammals

A

posterior lobe of the cortex

42
Q

receives vestibular input

A

flocculonodular lobe

43
Q

each lobe then reads the info sent to it and then sends an output to one of 3 areas

  • lateral hemisphere
  • vermis
  • paravermis
A

cerebellar outputs

44
Q
  • means worm
  • lies directly on the seam
  • output goes directly to the fastigial
  • then out to the vestibular nuclei
  • primarily this is to the vestibulospinal tract, but also to the reticular formation and out to the spinal cord
A

vermis output

45
Q
  • this is the middle area
  • this area sends information out through the interposed
  • then mainly to the red nucleus with small projections to the ventrolateral nucleus and then to the spinal cord
A

paravermis outputs

46
Q
  • the largest part of the cerebellar cortex
  • sends info out to the dentate, which is the largest of the nuclei
  • from here, projections are mainly to the ventrolateral nuclei in the thalamus
  • from here it goes on to the motor cortex
  • from the cortex, eventually info is sent back down to the spinal cord via the corticospinal tract
  • it also sends small projections to the red nucleus
A

lateral hemisphere output

47
Q

the cerebellum is organized into ___ and _____ portion

A

cortex and nucleus

neuroscience (16 decks)

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