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INBDE > Gross anatomy > Flashcards

Gross anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

indirectly facilitate tooth eruption by differentiating into osteoblasts.

A

osteoprogenitor cells

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2
Q

which cells signaled to the area of an erupting tooth to clear a path for eruption.

A

osteoclasts

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3
Q

The majority of sensory innervation to the TMJ is through the

A

auriculotemporal nerve

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4
Q

The temporomandibular joint is a synovial joint that is divided into superior and inferior capsules which are separated by

A

articulating disc

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5
Q

resorption of dentin and cementum. They are involved in the physiologic resorption of roots as well as pathologic internal and external resorption.

A

odontoclasts

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6
Q

orbicularis oris muscle innervated by

A

buccal nerve of facial nerve

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7
Q

muscles of mastication

A
  1. temporalis
  2. masseter
  3. lateral and medial pterygoid
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8
Q

direct of jaw moves typically related to ?

A

ipsilateral condyle

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9
Q

rhomboid muscle function

A

have major and minor. both function to retract the scapula

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10
Q

wharton’s ducts

A

submandibular glands

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11
Q

Hyoglossus

A

Depresses, retrudes the tongue

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12
Q

macrophage is present in acute or chronic stage of inflammation

A

chronic

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13
Q

TMJ apparatus

A

glenoid fossa of temporal bone, condylar head, and articular tubercle of temporal bone

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14
Q

bartholin’s ducts

A

sublingual glands

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15
Q

intermediate retrodiscal tissue

A

consists of loose areolar connective tissue containing blood vessels and nerves

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16
Q

muscle of mastication that opens the mouth

A

lateral pterygoid

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17
Q

parotid secret

A

serous secretion

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18
Q

This synovial fluid is secreted by the cells of the

A

synovial membrane

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19
Q

example of type 3 hypersensitivity

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

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20
Q

trigeminal branch innervates

A
  1. opthalamic
  2. max
  3. mandibular
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21
Q

damage to internal laryngeal nerve

A

loss of laryngeal cough reflex

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22
Q

bilateral joint complaints would usually be reported in these patients

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

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23
Q

which ligament limit excessive protrusion of mandible

A

stylomandibular ligament

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24
Q

submandibular gland is seperated by

A

mylohyoid muscle

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25
Q

tourodontism occurs why?

A

Taurodontism occurs due to late or absent invagination of the Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath and is associated with amelogenesis imperfecta and ectodermal dysplasia.

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26
Q

branches of external carotid artery

A

Some Anatomists Like Freaking Out Poor Medical Students

Superior Thyroid artery

Ascending pharyngeal artery

Lingual artery

Facial artery

Occipital artery

Posterior auricular artery

Maxillary artery

Superficial temporal artery

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27
Q

example of type 4 hypersensitivity

A

Contact dermatitis (poison ivy)
Tuberculin or TB skin test
Graft versus host disease (GvHD)

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28
Q

superior retro discal lamina composed of? and receive blood supply from

A

composed of elastic fiber,
superficial temporal artery
this prevents the disc from dislocating anteriorly

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29
Q

damage to recurrent laryngeal nerve

A

hoarse voice, difficulty during prolong speaking, vocal cord paralysis

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30
Q

where does glossopharyngeal nerve, the vagus nerve, and the accessory nerve.

A

jugular foramen

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31
Q

damage to external laryngeal nerve

A

similar to recurrent but not damaged by surgical interventions

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32
Q

von ebner gland

A

present on circumvallate papillae, purely serous

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33
Q

what artery supply anteior portion of tmj

A

wo branches of the maxillary artery–the anterior tympanic artery and the deep auricular artery.

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34
Q

example of type 2 hypersensitivity

A

Acute transfusion reaction

Hemolytic disease of the newborn

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35
Q

Inferior retro discal lamina composed of?

A

collagen fibers
prevents the disc from excessively rotating over condyle

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36
Q

fascial space infections
submandibular
sublingual
submental
submasseteric

A

submandibular: 2 and 3 molars
sublingual: incisors, canines, premolars and 1st molars
submental: mandibular incisors
submasteric: impacted 3rd molars

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37
Q

which vitamin ___ deficiency exacerbates symptoms related to nervous system degeneration in patients that use nitrous oxide.

A

vitamin B12: causin weakness, tingling, and numbness, sensory deficits, ataxia, gait disturbance

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38
Q

Palatoglossus

A

Elevates the posterior tongue
Draws the soft palate onto the tongue

39
Q

Arthrocentesis

A

procedure in which needles are used to puncture the capsular ligament of the TMJ and flush out the superior joint space. This is a surgical procedure that is typically only considered if the patient’s pain is intense and persistent and has not responded to more conservative measures such as occlusal splint fabrication.

40
Q

frontalis

A

eyebrows and wrinkles of forhead

41
Q

stensen’s ducts

A

parotid gland

42
Q

what innervates orbicularis oris

A

buccal nerve

43
Q

Contralateral movements:
to the left

A

right lateral pterygoid and the right medial pterygoid

44
Q

plays a key role in neutralizing pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses.

A

IgA

45
Q

mumps and orchitits

A

parotid gland: stensen’s ducts

46
Q

A_______ view is a plain film that best visualizes the lateral aspect of the TMJ,

A

transcranial

47
Q

which muscle of mastication is not affected by ramus

A

lateral pterygoid

48
Q

lower joint space of tmj movement?

A

rotational movements like depression and elevation

49
Q

sublingual secrets

A

mucous secretion

50
Q

enamel consists of?

A

95% inorganic hydroxyapatite crystals, 0.5% organic matrix, and 4.5% water.

51
Q

submandibular secrets

A

mixed serous and mucous

52
Q

function of synovial fluid

A

provides lubrication, distributes nutrients, and acts as a cushion for shock absorption.

53
Q

painless preauricular crepitus is usually associated with .

A

osteoarthritis

54
Q

where does the V3 (mandibular) nerve exits from skull

A

foramen ovale

55
Q

zygomatic nerve innervates

A

facial expression around cheeck and eye region

56
Q

example of type 1 hypersensitivity

A

Anaphylaxis
Food or drug allergies
Eczema
Asthma

57
Q

Respiratory acidosis is caused by

Respiratory alkalosis is caused

A

hypoventilation

by hyperventilation and high altitude.

58
Q

Platysma

A

corners of mouth and lower lip

59
Q

what anatomic marker divides anterior and posterior triangles of the neck

A

sternocleidomastoid
unilateral contraction can cause the chin to elevate and rotate towards the opposite side
Bilateral contraction causes flexure of the neck.

60
Q

mediators in these hypersensitivities
type 1, 2, 3, 4

A

type 1: IgE (minutes to hours)
Type 2: IgG/IgM (hours to days)
Type 3: IgG antigen-antibody (hours to days) complex
type 4: T cells (days)

61
Q

ducts of rivinus

A

associated with sublingual glands

62
Q

type of stem cell that plays crucial a role in bone formation and repair. These cells differentiate into osteoblasts, which help remodel the alveolar bone to create a pathway for tooth eruption.

A

osteoprogenitor cells

63
Q

Genioglossus function

A

protrude the tongue

64
Q

upper join space of tmj movement?

A

translational movements like protrusion and retrusion
Condyle moves downwards and opens the mouth

65
Q

sensory nerve to tongue

A

vagus (10), glossopharyngeal (9), trigeminal lingua (V3)

66
Q

dentin made of?

A

45% hydroxyapatite. The organic matrix and water compose 33% and 22%, respectively.

67
Q

what artery supply tmj

A

mainly superficial temporal (retro discal tissue of TMJ) and maxillary arteries (anterior portion of TMJ) of external carotid artery

68
Q

eagle syndrome affects what ligament

A

stylohoid ligament
it is very painful, can’t move the neck, shooting pain from throat to jaw

69
Q

Facial nervce (CV??

A

7

70
Q

The largest and most superficial muscle group within the cheek region is ____, if it’s hurts can cause tmd (clicking sounds)

A

masseter muscle

71
Q

The four stages of wound healing are

A

hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling.

72
Q

Normal opening for the TMJ is

A

35-50 mm

73
Q

hingle and sliding movement of tmj called

A

ginglymoarthrodial

74
Q

the articulating surfaces of the TMJ are lined with

A

fibrocartilage : majority is type 1

75
Q

Anterior-only splints can lead to supra eruption of ______ when worn for extended periods of time.

A

posterior teeth

76
Q

Styloglossus

A

Retrudes and elevates the tongue

77
Q

Contralateral movements:
to the right

A

left lateral pterygoid and left medial pterygoid

78
Q

lateral ligament does what

A

outer oblique portion limits mouth opening
inner horizontal portion prevents the disc and condyle from dislocating posteriorly

79
Q

Metabolic acidosis is caused _____
metabolic alkalosis is caused by .

A

by renal failure

vomiting

80
Q

function of deltoid

A

abduct the arm and shoulder

81
Q

which congenital heart defect is the most common cause of childhood cyanosis and cause blue appearance to lips and fingernails

A

Tetralogy of Fallot
causes blue appearance to lips and fingernails

82
Q

where does the facial nerve exits from skull

A

stylomastoid foramen

83
Q

sphenomandibular ligament has embryonic remnant of what cartilage

A

meckel’s cartilage

84
Q

“with reduction” vs “without reduction” means

A

“with reduction” : clicking and poping sounds heard upon opening
“without” : limited range of motion bs jaw is locked

85
Q

where does the V2 (maxillary ) nerve exits from skull

A

foramen rotundum

86
Q

capsular ligament have what?

A

synovial fluid

87
Q

taste nerves with have special visceral afferent (SVA) fiber

A

facial (7), glossopharyngeal (9), vagus (10)

88
Q

_____ splints help by protruding the mandible, which aids sleep apnea patients to open the airway.

A

anterior repositioning

89
Q
A
90
Q

syndrome include pain during swallowing and head movement, shooting pains from the throat to the jaw, ringing of the ears, or feeling like something is stuck in the throat.

A

eagle syndrome

91
Q

cementum made of

A

Cementum is still softer than dentin, containing approximately 40-45% inorganic minerals and the rest being organic matrix and water.

92
Q

facial nerve innervates

A

temporal, zygomatic, buccal, marginal mandibular branch, cervical

93
Q

what is calcification of dentin tubules

A

dentinal sclerosis

INBDE (10 decks)

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