Greek Rules and Syntax Flashcards
The acute ( ´ ) may stand which syllable(s)
ultima, penult, and antepenult
The circumflex ( ῀ ) may stand over which syllable(s)
ultima and penult
The grave ( ` ) may stand over which syllable(s)
ultima
Periphrastic ptcp construction: present + present =
Present
Periphrastic ptcp construction: imperfect + present =
Imperfect
Periphrastic ptcp construction: future + present =
Future
Periphrastic ptcp construction: present + perfect =
Perfect
Periphrastic ptcp construction: imperfect + perfect =
Pluperfect
Conditional: ἐάν + subjunctive / future indicative
Future more vivid
Important Dative Uses:
Indirect Object; Interest (Adv. & Disadv.); Reference/Respect; Time (when); Association; Instrument/Means; Cause
Important Genitive Uses:
Possessive; Partitive; Comparison; Subjective; Objective; Time (kind of time)
κατά with accusative
Spatial (through, toward); Temporal (at, during); Purpose; Reference/Respect
Different categories of adverbial (circumstantial) participles:
Temporal; Means; Manner; Cause; Condition; Concession; Purpose; Result
Purpose infinitive construction:
τοῦ + infinitive; εἰς τό + infinitive; πρὸς τό + infinitive
Result infinitive construction:
τοῦ + infinitive; εἰς τό + infinitive; ὥστε + infinitive
Antecedent time infinitive construction:
μετὰ τό + infinitive (“after…”)
Contemporaneous time infinitive construction:
ἐν τῷ + infinitive (“while, as, when…”)
Subsequent time infinitive construction:
πρὸ τοῦ, πρίν, or πρὶν ἤ + infinitive (“before…”)
Causal infinitive construction:
διὰ τό + infinitive
Means infinitive construction:
ἐν τῷ + infinitive
Conditional: εί + aor. or impf. / aor. or impf. + ἄν
past unreal: apodosis asserts what would be true if the protasis was actually true
Conditional: ἐάν + subj. / pres. ind.
present general: the conclusion holds true of any time or all time
Contraction: ου is formed by…
εο, οε, and οο
Contraction: ει is formed by…
εε
