Greek

Question 1

Answer 1

Greek pattern: Anthemion
Honeysuckle motif

Question 2

Answer 2

Bead-and-Reel moulding

Question 3

Answer 3

Egg and dart moulding

Question 4

Answer 4

Greek fret
Greek key
Meander

Question 5

Answer 5

Greek Guilloche
Double Guilloche

Question 6

Answer 6

Fret and anthem mouldings

Question 7

Fluting

Answer 7

A series of shallow, parallel, and concave channels found on the shaft of columns and pilasters, particularly in the architectural styles of Ionic, Corinthian, and Composite. Also commonly used to ornament furniture legs and friezes. Occasionally seen in a spiral formation.

Question 8

Megaron

Answer 8

A large central hall with a rectangular plan fronted by a columned porch found in Mycenaean palaces.

Question 9

Answer 9

Portico

A covered entry porch that
is supported by columns
forming the entrance or
center to a façade.

Question 10

Tholos

Answer 10

A small circular building lined with columns, sometimes in place of the walls.

Question 11

Greece

Answer 11

• diverse geography and climate
• half land and half sea: lots of coastline
• cole winter, dry/hot summer

Question 12

Greek people

Answer 12

• desired perfection in all things
• valued independent thought
• believed in freedom to act, speak, and think

Question 13

Greek design

Answer 13

• emphasized beauty by line, form, and proportion
• not as concerned with color or surface

Question 14

Four greek motif themes:

Answer 14

• geometric
• natural
• animal
• architectural

Question 15

Answer 15

Dentil moulding

Question 16

What is the difference between Egyptian and Greek surface decoration?

Answer 16

Egyptians incize
Greeks use relief

Question 17

DORIC ORDER

Answer 17

Sturdy, heavy, masculine, vigor

Question 18

triglyph

Answer 18

In a Doric frieze, a rectangular block with three vertical grooves that fills the space between two metopes.

Question 19

Metope

Answer 19

The flat recessed slabs between triglyphs of a classical Doric frieze, commonly decorated with sculpted reliefwork.

Question 20

Frieze

Answer 20

In architecture, the middle part of a classical entablature, located between the architrave and the cornice.

Both doric and ionic

Question 21

triangular pediment

Answer 21

The triangular space formed by the raking cornices of a gable roof and the horizontal cornice above the entablature. Also used as a decorative element over windows, doors, and furniture.

Question 22

volute

Answer 22

A spiral, scroll-like form used extensively
in classical capitals of the Ionic, Corinthian,
and Composite orders.

Question 23

Ionic

Answer 23

light, elaborate, dignity

Question 24

Corinthian

Answer 24

delicate, grace, light, rich
acanthus leaves and four volutes

Question 25

Greek temple

Answer 25

• made out of abundant marble
• built to worship Gods/Goddesses
• utilized color

Question 26

Naos / Cella

Answer 26

In classical architecture, the inner chamber of a temple.

Question 27

Answer 27

Plan of the Acropolis

Question 28

Answer 28

Acropolis

Question 29

Answer 29

The Parthenon

• dedicated to the Goddess Athena
• Ictinus & Callicrates
• made of white marble
• designed to account for optical illusions

Started out as a temple, then later became a Christian church, and ammunition storage facility, and a Turkish Mosque.

Question 30

Entasis

Answer 30

The Greek refinement of augmenting a column shaft with
an outward curve to counter the optical illusion that it
appears to curve inward.

Question 31

Taper

Answer 31

Gradually narrows as column approaches the top

Question 32

Fluting

Answer 32

A series of shallow, parallel, and concave channels found on the shaft of columns and pilasters, particularly in the architectural styles of Ionic, Corinthian, and Composite. Also commonly used to ornament furniture legs and friezes. Occasionally seen in a spiral formation.

Question 33

Arises

Answer 33

Ridge produced by fluting

Question 34

Answer 34

Erectheum

Porch of maidens
Example of caryatid

Question 35

Answer 35

Caryatid

A female form used in a support position, as
a column. In furniture design it was usually a
decorative support; it was also used to support
an entablature of a mantle, etc.

Question 36

Answer 36

Greek houses

• Sun-dried brick/stucco
• Slanted roofs for precipitation
• Central courtyard
• Inward orientation
• Columns surrounding the courtyard forming a peristyle
• Windows facing the courtyard

Rooms:
- Andron

Question 37

Peristyle

Answer 37

A columned porch or open colonnade surrounding a court that may have an internal garden.

Question 38

Andron

Answer 38

Greek term for men’s quarters in a Greek classical house, usually a dining room.

• Both middle and upper class.
• Main event was ‘symposium.’
• Mosaic floor
• Mosaic walls or frescos
• Klines arranged around room in U shape
• Usually about seven klines

Question 39

Greek vase painting

Answer 39

• ornamental and educational
• daily life, history, legends depicted
• both draped and nude bodies
• perspective not used / individuals drawn in profile
• proportionate and anatomical

Question 40

Answer 40

Diphros

Fixed and folding stools
may demonstrate non-directional animal feet

Question 41

New technology that Greeks used but Egyptians did not

Answer 41

lathe

turning
In furniture, an ornamental or structural element produced by shaping wood on a rotating lathe to create a series of bulbous forms, disks, nodules, or swellings.

Question 42

Thronos

Answer 42

An ancient Greek chair, often with arms, designed for a person of honor (esp. in stadiums).

Question 43

Answer 43

Klismos

• Common chair for nonofficial activities
• lacks ornamentation
• raking splat
• elegant and simple

An ancient Greek chair characterized by the saber legs splayed at both front and back and with a concave curved back. Later the Romans designed the cathedra chair, which is similar in form and shape to the Greek klismo.

Question 44

Answer 44

Kline

An ancient Greek multipurpose sofa that served as a couch, bed, or reclining surface while dining.

• Raised off the ground and required a step/foot stool
• Had mattresses and cushions
• Table stored under the kline that servants used for food, plates, wine, etc.

Question 45

Answer 45

Trapeza

Greek tables

• Used for serving wine
• Three lefs
• Animal legs
• Circular top was Greek innovation, could also be rectangular
• Stone or bronze