Grasp Patterns Flashcards
Hook Grasp
Hooking fingers around an item, like a briefcase handle
Power Grasp (tool use)
Holding item tight in fist with all fingers around it, like using a hammer
Lateral Pinch
Grasping item between thumb pad and against curled index finger, like handing someone your credit card
(Inferior) Pincer Grasp
Isolated index finger and thumb pads (like tweezers) to pick up small items
Three Jaw Chuck
Holding item between thumb, index, and middle fingertips, like pulling a cap off a pen
Tip Pinch / Superior Pincer Grasp
Grasping something small between the very tip of index finger and thumb (forming a “c” shape), like holding a sewing needle
Spherical Grasp
Shaping the hand and thumb around a round/spherical item, like a doorknob
Cylindrical Grasp
Wrapping fingers/thumb around a cylindrical item, like a can of soda
Disc Grasp
Spreading fingers out and around to hold a round item by all fingertips, like holding edges of a CD
2 Most Mature Grasp Patterns (Writing)
1) Dynamic Tripod Grasp: 3 fingers used to hold utensil. Bent thumb and index point to tip, utensil rests on middle finger.
2) Lateral Tripod Grasp: 3 fingers, index points to tip, utensil rests on bent inward middle finger, however the thumb crosses perpendicularly over index finger.
Shift
Moving an object in hand linearly, as in “walking” a pencil up or down in your hand.
Simple Rotation
Rolling a small object between thumb and fingertips, as in opening a small jar or rotating a pencil.
Complex Rotation
Turning object end-to-end in hand, such as flipping a pencil to use the eraser.
Translation (Finger-to-Palm; Palm-to-Finger)
Moving a small object in hand from palm-to-fingers or fingers-to-palm, such as bringing a coin from palm to fingertips for a vending machine.
Palmar Grasp
Birth – 4-6 mo.; Pressure on ulnar surface of palm flexes fingers.
Plantar Grasp
Birth – 4-9 mo.; Pressure on ball of FOOT causes toes to flex. (FOOT REFLEX)
Ulnar-Palmer vs. Radial-Palmar Grasp
At 5 mo., ULNAR-palmar, pressure on ulnar side of palm causes flexed fingers.
At 6 mo., RADIAL-palmar, in which object held between thumb and radial side of palm. Assists in one-stage hand-to-hand transfer.
Hand-to-Hand Transfer
5-6 mo.; 2-step process of taking hand grabbing object in releasing hand before it lets go. Not fully developed!
7 mo.; 1-step process of taking hand and releasing hand working simultaneously (considered typical age of acquiring this skill.)
Radial Digital Grasp
7 mo.; Objects held between thumb and fingertips.
Voluntary Release
7 mo. – Ability to release voluntarily is emerging.
10 mo. – Can release object into a container.
