Grammatical development Flashcards
1
Q
Virtuous errors
A
an error made by a child when using their own logic to make sense of an utterance e.g. runned, sheeps
1
Q
Overgeneralisation
A
the process of the virtuous error
2
Q
Jean Berko, 1958: Nativism
A
- the wug test
- found children could correctly apply inflections (making a word plural) to a nonsense word they had never heard before
- supported nativism
- supported idea that language acquisition is not entirely through imitation
3
Q
MLU
A
mean length utterance
4
Q
Roger Brown, 1973
A
15-30 months
- no affixes
- word order generally correct
- MLU: 1.75 words
28-36 months
- affixes present, mainly s plurals
- present progressive tense
- MLU of 2.25 words
36-42 months
- possessives
- emergence of adjectives, adverbs, articles
- MLU od 2.75
5
Q
Universal stages for asking questions:
A
two-word stage: Relying on intonation stage e.g. ‘daddy gone?’
- Telegraphic stage: children acquire ‘wh’ question words e.g. what where: ‘where daddy gone?’ Can’t yet use auxiliary verbs ‘has, have’
- post-telegraphic stage: can use auxiliary verbs and learn to say ‘is Joe here?’ But still overgeneralise
6
Q
Ursula Bellugi, 1966: children asking questions stages
A
researched more specific order of how children ask questions
- rising intonation of single word ‘bedtime?’
- inversion of auxiliary verbs ‘are you coming?’
- basic ‘wh’ questions
- use of tag questions
7
Q
Ursula Bellugi, 1966: Negatives stages
A
- uses determiners ‘no’ / ‘not’ to form negative e.g. ‘no like book’
- learns to move negative into main body utterance e.g. ‘me not going’
- learns to attach negatives to auxiliary verbs e.g. ‘I’m not happy’
8
Q
Ursula Bellugi, 1966: pronouns stages
A
- Child will use a noun rather than a pronoun e.g. ‘Emily go now’
- confident in using subject pronouns (I, he, she, we, you) but not so much object pronouns (me, you, him, her, them) in a sentence
- confident of both subject and object pronouns
