Grammar - Week 27 Flashcards
The sign of the 3rd conjugation
All verbs whose present infinitive active end in -ere (with the first e short) belong to the 3rd conjugation.
Formation of the Imperfect Tense
Verbs in the imperfect tense are formed on the present stem.
Perfect stem
The perfect, pluperfect, and future perfect tenses are built on the perfect stem.
The sign of the 2nd conjugation
All verbs whose present infinitive active ends in -ēre belong to the 2nd conjugation.
Finding and using the present stem
The present stem is found by dropping the ending from teh 2nd principal part and the present, imperfect, and future tenses are placed on the present stem.
Uniqueness of imperfect and future active and indicative
To find the endings of the imperfect and future indicative of the 4th conjugation, the 4th conjugation puts in -i before the endings of the 3rd
Three present tense forms in English
The three present tense forms in English are: 1. You praise. 2. You are praising. 3. You do praise.
Third person direct reflexives
When a third person pronoun refers back to the subject of its own clause, a form of suī, rather than is, ea, id must be used.
Four principal parts of the 4th conjugation
The endings of the four principal parts of verbs in the 4th declesions are: -iō, -īre, -īvī, -ītus (audiō, audīre, audīvī, audītus).
Personal endings of verbs
The personal endings of all Latin verbs are:
-ō or -m, -s, -t, -mus, -tis, -nt
Three characteristics of verbs
In both English and Latin, verbs change their form to express person, number, and tense. (There are actually more than three but we will study only three.)
Tense sign for Future Tense
The tense sign bi is the sign of the future tense.
The sign of the 1st congutation
All verbs whose present infinitive active ends in -āre belong to the 1st conjugation.
Principal Parts
The Principal parts are the four main forms on whose stems all the other forms of the verb are built.
The grammatical concept of person
Grammatical person indicates either 1st person (the person speaking: I, we), 2nd person (person spoken to: you), 3rd person (person spoken of: he, she, it, they)