Grammar - Verbs 1 Flashcards
Verb comes from Latin word ….. meaning …..
Verbum
Word
The tense of a verb refers to the …… of an action or …. in time.
location
event
Strictly speaking, though, English only has two tenses, ….. and ……
Present
Past
….. tense – I work
….. tense – I worked
Present
Past
Unlike in some other languages, there is no ….. tense in English. Instead, we use the ….. auxiliaries will and shall, the present tense, and a few other forms to express the future.
future
modal
Defined tense as “the ….. of an event in …..”, or “… something happens”.
But we have to be careful – there is not always a fixed relationship between tense and time.
location
time
when
“Politician hits out at protesters!”
The first sentence (a newspaper headline) uses the ….. tense, but to describe a ….. event.
present
past
“Hurry up ! The train leaves in 10 minutes.”
The second sentence uses the ….. tense to describe a ….. event.
present
future
“If I won the lottery, I would buy a big house.”
In the third sentence, we’re using the ….. tense to describe a ….. event, but only a hypothetical one
past
future
While tense tells us when a ….. occurs,
aspect tells us how it ….., or how it is viewed by the ….., in terms of its frequency, its duration, and whether or not it is completed.
situation
occurs
speaker
There are three aspects in English:
- Simple aspect – With the simple aspect there is no indication of how the event ….. or how it is viewed by the ….. - Some then say that it is not as aspect.
Present simple – I work
Past simple – I worked
occurs
speaker
There are three aspects in English:
- Progressive aspect – this is used by the speaker to indicate that a situation is in ….:
Present progressive – I am working
Past progressive – I was working
progress
There are three aspects in English:
- Perfect aspect – this is used by the speaker to look back on an action from the perspective of the ……:
Present perfect – I have worked
Past perfect – I had worked
present
Tense: Speak
As present progressive?
Speaking
Tense: Speak
As present perfect simple?
Has spoken
Tense: Speak
As present perfect progressive?
Has been speaking
Tense: Speak
Past Simple?
Spoke
Tense: Speak
Past progressive?
Was speaking
Tense: Speak
Past perfect simple?
Had spoken
Tense: Speak
Past perfect progressive?
Had been speaking
Tense: Speak
Future Simple?
Will speak
Tense: Speak
Future progressive?
Will be speaking
Tense: Speak
Future perfect simple?
Will have spoken
Tense: Speak
Future perfect progressive?
Will have been speaking
A non-finite verb cannot stand alone as a main verb of a sentence. They are …
Infinitive, present (gerund) and past participles
