Grammar- Participles

Question 1

Past participles have two main uses: They can be used as ….., and they can be used to form ……. verbs.

Answer 1

adjectives

compound

Question 2

A compound verb is a combination of two verbs: an ….. verb (also called a “helping verb”) and a participle. Past participles form compound verbs with the auxiliary verbs “has,” “have,” and “had.” The auxiliary verb always comes before the past participle.

Used to form past …..

E.g. Jordan had kicked the ball into his neighbor’s yard.

Answer 2

auxiliary

tenses

Question 3

Past Participle as an adjective:

Jordan went into the yard to get the kicked ball.

Here, the past participle “kicked” is describing the ball.
Remember that adjectives describe nouns.
So in this example, the past participle “kicked,” is used as an …..

Answer 3

adjective

Question 4

Like past participles, present participles can form compound verbs and can be used as adjectives. However, present participles can also be used as …..

Answer 4

nouns

Question 5

Present participles form compound verbs with forms of the auxiliary verb “…,” such as “am,” “is,” “are,” “was,” and “were.”

E.g. My baby sister is crying because she’s hungry.

Answer 5

to be

Question 6

Mom got up to soothe the crying baby.

The word “crying” describes the baby in the present.
So in this example, the present participle “crying” is used as an …..

Answer 6

adjective

Question 7

I covered my ears because I hate the sound of crying.

In the third example, the present participle “crying” is used as a …..

Here, the word “crying” is a thing (a sound).
You can tell that “crying” is a noun here because it could be replaced with other nouns, as in, “I hate the sound of sirens,” or, “I hate the sound of drums.”

Answer 7

noun

Question 8

Adjective participle is the adjective minus the ….. and the …..

Answer 8

subject

verb

Question 9

Adjective clause modifies or identifies a …

Answer 9

noun

Question 10

If you want to know ensure that adverb participle is understood as such, add the …..

Answer 10

Conjunction

Question 11

The rabbit loved hopping through the forest. (“Hopping through the forest” is a …. — the …. …. of the verb “loved.”)

Answer 11

noun
direct object

= Gerund

Question 12

Hopping through the forest, the rabbit noticed a new watering hole. (“Hopping through the forest” …. the rabbit.)

Answer 12

describes

= Participial Phrase