Grammar Flashcards
Imperative sentences.
An instructive sentence. ‘Empty the dishwasher’.
Interrogative sentences.
A questioning sentence. ‘Did you kill Joffrey?’.
Exclamative sentences.
A sentence with an exclamation mark. ‘The child is blue!’.
Declarative sentences.
A statement. ‘I am hungry.’
Complex sentence.
A sentence containing a main clause, with one or more sub/dependent clauses. ‘He looked into the distance, wading into the water.’
Compound sentence.
A sentence with two or more main clauses.
Simple sentence.
A sentence with one clause. ‘I killed her slowly with a knife’.
Minor sentence.
A sentence with words missing (ellipsis).
Ellipsis.
Missing out words. (Minor sentences)
Tense.
Past, present or future. (Then, Now, Will.)
Syntax.
How the sentence is put together.
Noun.
A name, actions, qualities. (Person, place, object or thing) T.O.P.P
Abstract noun.
Words that senses can not detect - ‘Love’, ‘Honour’.
Adverbs.
Modifies that typically end in ‘ly’, - ‘Quickly’.
Adjectives.
Describing words. ‘Red’, ‘Ugly’.
Verbs.
Words describing a state, action. ‘Running’.
Paranthetical expressions.
Verbs such as ‘suppose’, ‘believe’, ‘think’ and ‘know’ which semantically express the strength of an utterance.
Antecedent.
Pronoun which refers back to the noun.
Indefinite article.
A non-specific determiner - ‘it’.
Modal auxiliary verb.
Could, should, would, ought, might, shall, will, can, must.
Definite article.
A specific determiner - ‘the’.
Indefinite pronouns.
Being uncertain about someone. ‘Someone came ‘round’.
Morphology.
Word formation.
Morphemes.
Individual units that make up a word.
Copular verb.
Linking verbs - no action. ‘Appear’, ‘is’, ‘what’.
Demonstrative pronouns.
Modify nouns - most popular are ‘this’, ‘that’, ‘those’ and ‘these’. Not followed by nouns.
Demonstrative adjectives.
Modify nouns. These are followed by nouns.
Prefix.
The morpheme that comes before the base morpheme. ‘Non’ in ‘nonperishable’.
Relative pronouns.
A relative pronouns introduces a relative clause. it is called a relative pronoun because it relates to the word that its relative clause modifies ‘who’, ‘that’, ‘which’, ‘whose’ and ‘whom’.
Syntactically disguised imperative.
Another phrase for an imperative.
Negative interrogatives.
Using a negated form in a question to suggest that the recipient should already know the answer, e.g ‘You didn’t revise yesterday, did you?’
Directive speech acts.
Any sentence type which produces an instruction (all imperatives are directives, but not all directives are imperatives), e.g - ‘You should leave now’.
Directive speech acts.
Any sentence type which produces an instruction (all imperatives are directives, but not all directives are imperatives), e.g - ‘You should leave now’.
Nominative.
Subject of a sentence.
Accusative.
Object of a sentence.
