Grammar Flashcards
What does prescriptivism focus on?
rules and ideas of correctness of language
What does descriptivism focus on?
How language is actually used
What is morphology?
How words are formed
What is a root word?
A word on its own
What is a suffix?
morpheme that comes at the end of a root word
What is a prefix?
morpheme that comes at the start of a root word
What is an affix?
An overall word for an addition to a root word
What is a noun phrase?
A group of words built around a noun
(if u can take all words out and just have the noun and it still make sense then its a noun phrase)
What is a verb phrase? *
A group of words built around a verb
What is a headword?
The main (noun) in a phrase
What is a pre-modifier? *
A word before the head (noun) to add detail
What is a qualifier?
an additional word/phrase that adds further detail to the (noun)
What is a post-modifier?
A word after the head noun to add detail
What is an auxiliary verb?
A verb that expresses changes in tense
What is a modal verb? *
Shows possibility, necessity, certainty, and obligation.
What is a clause?
A group of words containing a subject and a verb that have a relationship
What is the subject in a clause?
The thing that does the verb
What is the object in a clause?
The thing that is acted on by the verb
What is a simple sentence?
A sentence that contains 1 clause
(one action)
What is a compound sentence?
A sentence that contains at least 2 clauses joined by a conjunction
(or by a comma, or semicolon)
What is a complex sentence?
A sentence that contains a subordinating conjunction that connects a main clause to a subordinating clause
(one half cannot be a sentence by itself)
What is a subordinating conjunction?
A conjunction that introduces a subordinate clause
(anything but and but and or)
What is a subordinate clause?*
Part of a sentence that doesn’t make sense on its own but has a subject and a verb
What is an active voice?
Where the subject of the sentence performs the action
What is a passive voice?
The person performing the action is unmentioned or mentioned later
What 4 things do verb phrases show?
obligation, certainty, possibility, necessity
What is an orthographic sentence?
a sentence marked by a capital letter and a full stop with no verb
What is a question sentence called?
Interrogative
What is a command sentence called?
Imperative
What is a statement sentence called?
Declarative
What is an exclamation sentence called?
Exclamative
