Grammar Flashcards

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1
Q

Grammar

A

The structural relationships within and between sentences and utterances. Grammar includes syntax and morphology.

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2
Q

Morphology

A

The study of how words are formed. The elements added to words to show their grammatical role.

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3
Q

Syntax

A

Word order

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4
Q

Prefix

A

Something added to the start of a word.

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5
Q

Suffix

A

Something added to the end of a word.

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6
Q

Affix

A

A prefix and suffix together.

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7
Q

Noun phrases

A

Groups of words centred around a noun e.g. the expensive television.

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8
Q

Post-modifier

A

Gives additional information after the noun e.g. in the corner.

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9
Q

Derivational function

A

Help form a new word by being added to a root e.g. system and ecosystem.

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10
Q

Primary auxiliary verb

A

Added to a main verb to show the tense e.g. I am going mad or I had eaten a good meal.

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11
Q

Modal auxiliary verb

A

Show the certainty or importance of something e.g. I will leave at 10pm, I might have dinner or I must hand in my homework.

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12
Q

Active voice

A

Gives prominence to the agent (the person or organisation who is doing a verb).

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13
Q

Passive voice

A

Gives prominence to whatever is affected by the agent (sometimes the agent isn’t mentioned).

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14
Q

Derivational morpheme

A

Bound morphemes or affixes which create new words by changing the meaning e.g. -less (powerless)

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15
Q

Inflectional morphemes

A

A letter or group of letters that adds grammatical information to a word e.g. -ed (danced)

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