Grammar Flashcards
Verb
Expresses actions or states of being
Simple Verb
A single verb in a sentance
John KICKED the soccer ball
Compound Verb
contain auxillary (helping) and main verb parts - Together they form a tense other that the simple present or past tense
The library will lend books to new students.
Action Verb
When its subject performs the action stated by the verb
I tasted the ice cream.
Linking Verb
Connects its subject to its complement (the predicate adjective) by suggesting the subject’s state of being. (It does not denote an action but rather a condition of the subject)
The ice cream tastes delicious.
Transitive Verb
Always followed by it’s direct object. They transfer their meaning onto their objects.
The baby dropped the cup.
Ask yourself WHAT? after the verb. If the noun answers the question then it’s a transitive verb.
Intransitive Verb
Not followed by its object. It does not transfer meaning onto an object
the baby fell
The sentence is complete without adding anything more.
Verb Tense - Basic Form
usually identical to the first person singular form of the simple present text
Walk, paint, think, grow ,sing, hurry
Verb Tense - Infinitive
A compound verb made up of the preposition ‘to’ and the basic form of the verb
to walk, to paint, to think, to grow, to sing, to hurry
Verb Tense - Present Participle
Add ‘ing’ to the basic form of the verb
walking, painting, thinking, growing, singing, hurrying
Verb Tense - Past Participle
Regular verbs - Add -ed, -d, -t
walked, painted, thought, grew, sang, hurried
Irregular verbs -
grown, sung
Noun
A word used to name a person, animal, place, thing, or idea.
Nouns - Plural
Change their form to indicate number by adding -s or -es
Nouns ending in y - Change the y to an i and add an -es
Nouns - Possessive
In the possessive form, a noun or a pronoun changes its form to show possession or ownership of something else. add an -‘s
Brad’s book
Nouns - Proper
You always write a proper noun with a capital letter since the noun represents the name of a specific person, place or thing
Names of the days of the week, months, historical documents, institutions, religions, etc. are proper nouns
Nouns - Common
Refer to a general person, place or thing.
Use a capital only when they begin a sentence.
Proper noun = Ms. Hoskin
Common noun = teacher
Nouns - Concrete
A noun which names anything (or anyone) that you can perceive through your physical senses: touch, sight, taste, hearing, smell
Nouns - Abstract
A noun which names anything which you can not perceive through your five physical senses.
ex. honesty, afterthought, childhood, idea, success
Nouns - Countable
A noun with both a singular and a plural form, and it names anything (or anyone) that you can count.
cat, pencil, dog, etc..
Nouns - Mass
A noun which does not have a plural form, and which refers to something that you could or would not usually count.
furniture, oxygen, air, meat…
Nouns - Collective
A noun naming a group of things, animals or persons.
flock, committee, class, herd, etc..
Adjective
A word that modifies a noun or a pronoun
Tell which one, what kind, how many or how much about nouns and pronouns.
Adverb
Modify a verb, an adjective, or another adverb.
Tell Where, When, How or to What extent.
Predicate Adjectives
Follow a linking verb and they modify the subject.
If you can substitute the word is or was for the verb then it is a linking verb and the modifier is a predicate adjective
Kim looked calm
Kim is calm
calm = predicate adjective
