gram positive bacteria

Question 1

strep pneumonia infections

Answer 1

pneumonia, AOM/sinusitis, meningitis, bacteremia

Question 2

strep pneumonia- pneumonia tx

Answer 2

Azithromycin or doxy

Question 3

strep pneumonia- AOM/ sinusitis tx

Answer 3

azithromycin or doxy (PCN if susceptible)

Question 4

strep pneumonia- meningitis tx

Answer 4

IV vanc + 3rd generation cephalosporin

Question 5

strep pneumonia- bacteremia tx

Answer 5

IV vanc + 3rd generation cephalorsporin

Question 6

streptococcal viridans infxn and tx

Answer 6

dental caries, dental abscess, endocarditis. Tx- PCN (clindamycin if allergy)

Question 7

strep pyogenes infections

Answer 7

strep pharyngitis, scarlet fever, erysipelas, necrotizing fasciitis, fournier’s gangrene, toxic shock syndrome

Question 8

strep pyogenes- pharyngitis tx

Answer 8

PCN (2nd- azithromycin, cephalexin, clinda)

Question 9

strep pyogenes- scarlet fever tx

Answer 9

PCN (2nd- azithromycin, cephalexin, clinda)

Question 10

strep pyogenes- erysipelas tx

Answer 10

PCN

Question 11

strep pyogenes- necrotizing fasciitis or fournier’s gangrene tx

Answer 11

debridement, IV vanc + clindamycin + imipenem

Question 12

strep pyogenes- toxic shock syndrome tx

Answer 12

IV zosyn + clindamycin

Question 13

streptococcal agalactiae- infxn and tx

Answer 13

post-partum infection, neonatal sepsis. Tx- IV PCN

Question 14

strep bovis- infxn and tx

Answer 14

endocarditis, colorectal CA. (chronic infxn with S. bovis leads to increase CA). Tx- IV PCN

Question 15

staphylococcal aureus infection

Answer 15

toxic shock syndrome, gastroenteritis, scalded skin syndrome, baby pneumonia, skin infections

Question 16

staph- toxic shock syndrome tx

Answer 16

IV zosyn + clindamycin

Question 17

staph- gastroenteritis tx

Answer 17

supportive

Question 18

staph- scalded skin syndrome tx

Answer 18

IV PCN

Question 19

staph- pneumonia (babies- resp distress) tx

Answer 19

(usually secondary to influenza) IV PCN or ceftriaxone + clindamycin

Question 20

staph- skin infection tx

Answer 20

(impetigo, folliculitis, furuncle, carbuncle) cephalexin

Question 21

Bacillus anthracis- infxn and tx

Answer 21

skin- black eschar erosion, pulm- pleural effusion, SOB, death. Tx- cipro or doxy for 60 days (amoxicillin for pregs or kids)

Question 22

Bacillus cereus- infxn and tx

Answer 22

gastroenteritis symptoms (buffet- food left out) tx- prevention, supportive care

Question 23

Clostridium difficile- infxn and tx

Answer 23

Bad smelly diarrhea with cramping. Tx- outpatient metronidazole, hospital- IV vanc

Question 24

Clostridium perfringens- infxn and tx

Answer 24

(cafeteria- food left out)- gastroenteritis. Tx- supportive. Gas gangrene- spores in soil get into cuts and cause necrotic crepitus– tx: PCN + clindamycin

Question 25

Clostridium botulinum- infxn and tx

Answer 25

(food borne paralytic illness- nerve toxin produced by bacteria; canned food)- weak muscle. Tx- vent to assist breathing, antitoxin, induce vomiting

Question 26

Clostridium tetani- infxn and tx

Answer 26

spores enter wound and toxins produced cause peripheral nervous system probs and CNS probs- painful muscle contractions. Tx- tetanus immune globulin (TIG), stuff to control muscle spasm

Question 27

Corynebacterium diptheriae- infxn and tx

Answer 27

non-specific URI symptoms, gray pseudomembrane, myocarditis, cutaneous ulcers. Tx- IV erythromycin or PCN

Question 28

Listeria monocytogenes

Answer 28

gastroenteritis, serious effect of endocarditis, bacteremia, meningitis, brain abscess. Tx- PCN or ampicillin (2nd- TMP/SMX)