Gram Negatives II Flashcards
What are the characteristics of Chlamydiae?
Gram- with LPS but no peptidioglycan
Obligate intracellular parasite
Smallest bacterial genome
Must be supplied with ATP from host
Susceptible to antibacterial, antibiotics, but not penicillins or cephalosporins
Humans are the reservoir
Non-motile
Multiply by binary fission
Size - 3 um
What are the virulence factors for Chlamydia?
Lysozyme resistance
Ability to prevent phagosome-lysosome fusion
How can Chlamydia be diagnosed?
Cannot be grown on artifical media but can be grown in chick yolk sacs
PCR
Immunofluroescence
Serological tests
What are the three clinically important types of Chlamydiae?
Chlamydia trachomatis (Sexulayy transmitted)
Chlamydia psittaci (Inhalation of infectious bird droppings)
Chlamydophila pneumoniae (Inhalation of droplets)
What diseases do the three species of Chlamydiae cause?
Chlamydia trachomatis - Causes genital tract infections, eye and respiratory infections
Chlamydia psittaci - Causes prittacosis
Chlamydia pneumoniae - Causes atypical pneumonia
Which developmental form of Chlamydiae is infectious?
Elementary body
When ingulfed by a macrophage, the EB prevents fusion of the phagosome and lysosome.
EB swells to form a reticulate body
RB divides several times to produce more EB’s and the cycle repeates itself. Each EB produces 50-200 new EBs
How many serotypes of C. trachomatis are there?
15
A, B, BA , C - Blinding Trachoma
D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K - Inclusion Conjunctivitis, Neonatal pneumonia, Urethritis, Cervicitis
L1, L2, L3 - LVG (Lymphogranulem Venereum)
How many serotypes of C. psittaci are there?
Unidentified
How many serotypes of C. pneumoniae are there?
One - TWAR; causes atypical pneumonia and atherosclerosis
How is C. trachoma treated?
Tetracycine
