gram negative Flashcards
what are the two gram negative aeorobic cocci?
-Neisseria spp
-Moraxella Catarrhalis
what are the two major subtypes of Neisseria spp?
neisseria gonorrhoae
neisseria menigiditis
What does neisseria meningitidis cause?
meningitis ( can be life threatening)
What kind of samples can neisseria meningitidis be grown from/ diagnosed with?
blood cultures and CSF samples
What does neisseria gonorrhoeae cause in men & women?
men - urethritis
women -pelvic inflammatory disease
How is neisseria Gonorrhoeae spread?
sexual contact
what does moraxella catarrhalis cause?
respiratory tract infections
to whom are moraxella catarrhalis infections most prevalent to?
those with lung problems
state the 3 main types of LARGE aeorbic gram negative bacilli
-escherchia coli (E.coli)
-salmonella spp
-shigella
How many E. Coli types are there?& what is this based on
over 160 based on their O antigen
What do E.coli strains commonly cause?
neonatal sepsis and UTI
name two important strains of E.coli
-enterotoxogenic E.Coli
-enterohaemorrhagic E.coli
what does enterotoxogenic escherchia coli cause ?
travellers diarrhoea
what does enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli. cause?
bloody diarrhoea
How does Escherichia Coli affect Lactose?
it causes fermentation of lactose
How does Salmonella spp affect lactose?
it doesnt , (unlike escherchia coli which ferments lactose )
what are the two main subtypes of salmonella spp (LARGE aerobic bacilli)
salmonella typhi
salmonella entercia
what does salmonella typhi cause ?
typhoid fever & constipation
does shigella ferment lactose?
no
what does salmonella entercia cause?
-bloody & bacterial diarrhoea
-enterocolitis
how is salmonella typhi diagnosed?
organism is isolated from the blood
what does shigella cause?
bloody diarrhoea
what is meant by coliform?
group belonging to bacilli family
(e.g e.coli,shigella,salmonella)
are microaerophilic gram negative bacteria cocci or bacilli
microaerophilic are bacilli
what are the two shapes of microaerophilic bacilli
spiral bacilli
curved bacilli
example of spiral microaerophilic bacilli
heliobacter species
example of curved microaerophilic bacilli
cambylobacter species
Other than coliforms (large bacilli) whats the other subtype of aerobic gram -ve bacilli?
small
examples of small aerobic bacilli
bordetella
haemophilus influenzae
example of gram negative anaerobic bacilli
bacteroides species
what causes whoopin cough?
bordetella
What does bordetella pertussis cause?
whooping cough
what causes COPD
Haemophilus influenzae
