Grab bag Flashcards
Constantia uses what varietal?
Muscat a Petit Grains Blanc (Muscat a Frontignan)
Is Zinfandel a legally approved synonym for Primitivo in the UNITED STATES?
No, only EU.
Moscato d’Asti uses which type of Muscat?
Muscat a Petits Grains Blanc
Process where materials move from one part of plant to another
Translocation
Process which water evaporates through openings on underside of leaves
Transpiration
Process which sugar is broken down and converted into biological energy?
Respiration
What causes poor fruit set/shatter?
Coulure
Fungal disease known as Powdery Mildew?
Oidium
Fungal disease known as Downy Mildew
Peronospora
Millerandage causes?
abnormal fruit set causes grape bunches to have higher proportion of small, seedless berries mixed with normal sized berries.
Alicante Bouschet is a cross of?
Petit Bouschet x Grenache
What is Garnacha Tintorera
Alicante Bouschet
Mesoclimate translates to?
A Vineyards climate
Microclimate translates to?
section of a vineyards climate (individual rows)
Vines need how many inches of water annually?
20-30 inches
Viral vine diseases are spread by?
Propagating infected cuttings
Bacterial diseases are usually spread by?
Insects and animals
Estimate Total Alcohol in future wine by taking this % of the Brix Value
55%
What is Baumé?
French measurement to estimate potential alcohol in wine
Rudolph Steiner?
Invented Biodynamics in the early 20th century
Biodynamics?
Alignment of planets and phases of the moon direct course of work done in the vineyard and winery.
Fruit Day
Leaf Day
Flower Day
Root Day
9 special preparations
Name 2 Sustainable Winegrowing certifications in CA
Lodi Rules
Napa Green
What is the 1st growth cycle of the vine? What temperature does it need to be for this to happen?
Weeping
50 F
Bud break to harvest is typically how many days?
140-160 days
Photosynthesis slows at what temp?
50 F
What is Debourbage
Letting newly pressed juice settle for a day or 2 before fermentation begins
What is Pipeage
Punching down
What is Delestage
Rack and Return
Does Rosé typically go through Malo?
No
What is a mevushal wine?
A kosher wine that if red of limitations once it leaves the winery
Most common strain of yeast for winemaking
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Describe Rutherglen
Fortified muscat a petit grains blanc
What is Cuve Close?
Another name for the Charmat Method
What’s in the Liquer de Tirage
Sugar, yeast
OG rack for riddling
Pupitre
Describe the Asti Method
One fermentation in tank, stopped before complete for frizz ante, low alcohol. Then sterile filtered and bottled
extra sec RS levels
12-17 g/l
sec RS levels
17-32 g/l
demi-sec RS levels
32-50 g/l
Describe Method Ancestral/Method Rural
Base wine incomplete ferment. Put in bottle and sealed.
Finishes fermentation in bottle with 6-7 g/l RS
No disgorging.
1-3 atm
Pet Nat is also known as
Method Ancestrale
Downside to carbing a wine vs natural CO2
Does not integrate into the wine naturally= larger short-lived bubbles
500 ml bottle is called?
Jennie
3L of Champagne?
3L of Still wine?
Jeroboam
Double Magnum
4.5 Liter Champagne
4.5 Liter Still wine?
Rehoboam
Jeroboam
6 Liter?
Methuselah
9 Liter?
Salmanazar
12 Liter?
Balthazar
15 Liter?
Nebuchadnezzar
18 Liter?
Solomon
How do you remember Champagne bottles sizes from 3L to 15L
Jerry (Jeroboam)
Receives (Rehoboam)
Meticulous (Methuselah
Salmon (Salmanazar
from
Baltic (Balthazar
Nebulas (Nebechadnezzar
Traditional press for Champagne?
Wide, flat basket press
What is the cutoff for “California Champagne”?
March 10th 2006
What is sur pointe
resting riddled bottles in vertical position with lees gathered in neck
New kid riddling rack, how many bottles?
gyro palette 500
Biological aging and sherry refers to
Flor aging
What’s a butt?
600 L American Oak barrel used for Sherry Soleras
What’s a criadera?
a group of butts
Where is the 1st Criadera?
Just above the bottom “solera” row
Maximum amount allowed for removal from Solera each year
40%
Minimum aging for Fino Sherry
2 yrs
1st alcoholic Bev with fermented grapes in?
7000BCE Jiahu China
2020 global wine production by case
2.9 billion cases
EU umbrella wine law framework started on
Aug 1 2009
EU law states that ____% of grapes must be harvested if a vineyard is listed
100%
PDO requires _____%
100%
PGI requires ___%
85%
EU Vintage requires ____%
85%
Can EU Sparkling wine be carbed?
No.
“Quality Sparkling Wine” from EU lees aging requirement
9 months
Most planted white of France
Ugni Blanc
Most planted Red of France
Merlot
How many regional IGP in France
8
How many AOC’s France?
> 300
Bordeaux and Bordeau Supérieur new grape varietals allowed
Arinaronoa
Castets
Marselan
Touriga Nacional
Albarino
Lilorila
Furthest South DO of continental Spain
Malaga DO
Where is the town of Vila Nova de Gaia located?
Douro River, Portugal
The town of Haro is located within?
Rioja
Which country is directly east of Hungary?
Romania
Paarl District is in which region?
Coastal Region
Wellington is close to what wine region?
Wairarapa (North Island)
Which GI is closest to Sydney?
Hunter
Largest nested AVA of Willamette?
Tualatin Hills
Name the 2 zones within Rapel Valley
Cochagua Valley
Cachapoal Valley
Furthest north relevant subregion in Argentina
Elqui Valley (Coquimbo Region)
Schwarzriesling is?
Pinot Meunier
What grape requires 75% of a White Vin de Corse?
Vermentino
What is Trepat?
A red grape approved for Cava production
Mosel River starts where?
Vosgue Range
which subregion is located at Chile’s shortest width
Choapa Valley
Hard, sedimentary sandstone abundant in New Zealand
Greywacke
Which lake, located near the town of Rust, contributes to humidity for botyrtis affected dessert wines
Lake Neusiedl
Name 4 popular varietals for Ruster Ausbruch
Morillon
PG
PB
Muskateller
A portion of what region is located next to Lake Constance?
Baden
Sweet, sparkling white of the Rhone
Clairette de Die
What dessert wine is sometimes produced as a Xmas version required to be bottled no later than Dec. 1st of the Harvest year
Muscat de Rivesaltes
Sweet, fortified wine produced in Armagnac region
Floc de Gascogne
Sweetened style of Fino Sherry?
Pale Cream
Which practice increases problem of Nematodes?
Drip irrigation
Franken is located along which River
Main
What % of Tuscan wine is Red
90%
What is Aruffiac?
White grape grown in SW France
Where is Vale dos Vihedeos?
Brazil
What yr marks beginning of Phylloxera crisis in Europe
1860
How much of Piemonte wine is red?
2/3
Where is the Ningxia region located
500 miles West of Beijing
Where is Patagonia?
Southern section of Argentina with pretty much all of the wine zone
1st region of Spain to achieve DO Status? What yr?
Rioja
1925
What 2 areas shape Waitaki Valley
Canterbury and Central Otago
Corpinnat is delimited to what area?
What varietals?
Other rules
Central Penedes
90% minimum indigenous
hand harvesting, min lees aging
The vineyards in the eastern side of ___________________ are planted in relatively flat land in the water shed of the Russian River
Mendocino County
Bentonite Clay may be used for?
Fining
1st Chinese area to be declared an official appellation for wine
Eastern foot of Helan Mountain
Neusiedlersee DAC varietal?
Zweigelt
Eisenberg DAC Varietal?
Blaufrankisch
Where is Awatare Valley?
NZ South Island
Ribera del Duero requires ____% Tempranillo
75%
Fitou AOC focuses on
Red wine from Grenache and Carignan
What does the Cannelones District specialize in?
Tannat from Uruguay
Rosso Primitivo Puglia IGT requires ____% Primitivo
85%
Vinho Verde is named for the fact that it is _______
meant to be consumed young
Where is the main source of grapes for Cremant de Loire
Saumur
1st white wine to earn DOCG
Romagna Albana
1st, 2nd and 3rd press for Champagne
Cuvee
Taille
Rebeche
Vino de Pago established in?
2003
Name the 3 types of Marsala
Oro
Ambra
Rubino
Name the 3 sweetness levels for Marsala
Secco 4% or less
Semisecco 4-10%
Dolce >10%
Marsala aged for 1 yr?
Fine
Marsala aged for 2 yr
Superiore
Marsala aged for 4 yr
Marsala Superiore Riserva
Marsala aged for 5 years (2)
Marsala Vergine
Marsala Solera
Marsala aged 10 yrs
Marsala Vergine Stravecchio Riserva
Must be dry
