Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

science > gr 10 test cells/microscope bio test > Flashcards

gr 10 test cells/microscope bio test Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

eyepiece (ocular lens)

A

the lens that you look through with your eye and it also magnifies by 10X

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Objective Lenses: Low, Medium and High Power

A

the second lens that magnify by 4X, 10X or 40X (the first lens is the eyepiece)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

stage

A

slides are placed on this platform/
it supports the specimen being viewed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

arm

A

used to transport the microscope and holds th eeyepice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

coarse adjustment knob

A

big knob that moves stage up and down to help you focus

NEVER use this when viewing on high power

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

fine adjustment knob

A

small knob that moves the stage up and down to help you sharply focus (your eyes cannot pick up the stage moving, but it’s moving!)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

stage clips

A

used to keep the slide in place on the stage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

nose piece

A

Is the thing that holds the objective lenses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

base

A

the bottom of the microscope,
used to safely transport the microscope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

diaphragm

A

Knob where the light shines can adjust the amount of light passing through the slide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

total magnification

A

The power of a microscope, found by multiplying the power of the eyepiece by the power of the objective lens.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

slide

A

rectangular glass plate on which the specimen is mounted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

field-of-view

A

The circle that you see when you look through the microscope. Higher magnification = smaller F.O.V. in mm or µm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

cover slip

A

goes on top of the slide to from a wet mount slide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Nucleus

A

Only in Eukaryotic cells. Contains the cell’s DNA and controls the cell’s activities. Sometimes called the “brain” of the cell.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Prokaryotes

A

Cells without a nucleus and without complex organelles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Eukaryotes

A

Cells with a nucleus and with complex organelles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

organelle

A

A tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

DNA

A

the genetic information that makes up the chromosomes. Found inside the nucleus.

20
Q

Unicellular

A

single-celled organisms like bacteria

21
Q

3 rules of cell theory

A

1) all living things are made up of cells
2) Cells are the basic units of strucure and function in living things (smallest living things)
3) All cells come from preexisting cells through cell division.

22
Q

Mitochondria

A

“Powerhouse” or “Energy producer”; makes ATP through cell respiration

23
Q

Vesicles

A

Like vacoucles for animal cells. More of them and smaller in animal cells

24
Q

Vacuole

A

“warehouse,” stores food, water, waste; larger in plant cells

25
Q

Lysosome

A

An organelle containing digestive enzymes. Helps with the breakdown of many different substances. Recycles and trashes old worn out parts etc

Waste disposal

26
Q

Ribosome

A

Makes/synthisysing protiens

27
Q

Golgi body

A

Membrane-bound structure with a single membrane. It packages proteins for transport in the cell. Post office or Fed ex!

28
Q

Cytoskeleton

A

A network of fibers that holds the cell together, helps the cell to keep its shape, and aids in movement

29
Q

Cell Wall

A

Gives support and protection to cell; made of cellulose in plants.

30
Q

Cell Membrane

A

“Border control”, controls what comes in and out of the cell; maintains homeostasis; all cell types

31
Q

Chloroplasts

A

Where photosynthesis occurs; in plant cells only

32
Q

Cytoplasm

A

Jelly-like substance the cell organelles float in

33
Q

Nucleolus

A

A ribosome making organelle, found in the nucleus.

34
Q

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

A

Continuation of the outer nuclear membrane, responsible for production of hormones and other secretory products. Considered a highway for the cell.

35
Q

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

A

Ribosomes are attached to the surface of this endoplasmic reticulum. It is responsible for sending proteins to the Golgi body.

36
Q

What is interphase

A

First stage
Baiscly when the cell is normal

37
Q

What is mitosis

A

Second stage

4 stages

Prophase:Chromosomes condense
Metaphase: Chromosomes line up in the middle
Anaphase: Spindle fibres pull them to diffrent sides
Telophase: Cell streches and has 2 nueclei

38
Q

What is cytokinesis

A

Final stage Cell is connected in the middle about to split has somehting where it is gonna split is called cleavage furrow

39
Q

What is a zygote

A

When an egg and sperm cell come together during fertilization, they create a single cell that contains enough DNA for a multicellular specimen to survive whcih is called a zygote

40
Q

How do zygotes develop

A

The zygote cell will grow and develop through the stages of he cell cycle, eventually creating a ball of duplicated cells called a blastocyst
Note: all of the cells in the blastula mitosis and therefore have the exact same DNA.

This is called a blastocyst

41
Q

How do blastocyst’s change

A

Over time the cells within the blastocyst will start to differentiate because their environmental conditions will differ.

42
Q

Cell differentiation vs Cell specialization

A

Cell Differentiation:
When cells become physically different from one another
E.g. sperm cells have a flagella to help them move and lots of mitochondria for energy. APERANCE
CHANGES

Cell Specialization:
When cells carry out specific functions
E.g. the sperm cell has the ability to move using the flagella in order to fertilize the egg cell. HOW THEY USE THE APERANCE CHANGE

43
Q

What are the Types of specialized and differentation cells

A

Red blood cell
Differentiation:
Contains protein and has a bowl shape which enables a higher surface area
Specialization:
Carries oxygen through the blood by allowing oxygen to bind to the hemoglobin

Muscle Cell
Differentiation:
Contain a lot of mitochondria which produces a lot of energy
Specialization:
Contract in order to pull and release bones for movement

Nerve Cells
Differentiation:
Contain a high concentration of salt which allows electrical charges to travel along them
long and thin so span long distances
Specialization:
Conduct electrical impulses for communication

44
Q

What are stem cells

A

Cells that are not specialized and can become specialized for a particular need

45
Q

What are the 3 types of stem cells

A

Embryonic stem cells:
Found within inner cells of a blastocyst during embryo development before cells specialize required embryos to be destroyed.

Adult stem cells:
Undifferentiated body cells found throughout the human body
Are used in the human body for growth and to regenerate cells that are damaged

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells :
Adult body cells that are reprogramed for a different purpose.
New process may cause cancer

46
Q

Centrioles

A

Two barrel or rod shaped organelles that make microtubules or the spindle for cell division.

science (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions