gr 10 test cells/microscope bio test Flashcards
(46 cards)
eyepiece (ocular lens)
the lens that you look through with your eye and it also magnifies by 10X
Objective Lenses: Low, Medium and High Power
the second lens that magnify by 4X, 10X or 40X (the first lens is the eyepiece)
stage
slides are placed on this platform/
it supports the specimen being viewed
arm
used to transport the microscope and holds th eeyepice
coarse adjustment knob
big knob that moves stage up and down to help you focus
NEVER use this when viewing on high power
fine adjustment knob
small knob that moves the stage up and down to help you sharply focus (your eyes cannot pick up the stage moving, but it’s moving!)
stage clips
used to keep the slide in place on the stage
nose piece
Is the thing that holds the objective lenses
base
the bottom of the microscope,
used to safely transport the microscope
diaphragm
Knob where the light shines can adjust the amount of light passing through the slide
total magnification
The power of a microscope, found by multiplying the power of the eyepiece by the power of the objective lens.
slide
rectangular glass plate on which the specimen is mounted
field-of-view
The circle that you see when you look through the microscope. Higher magnification = smaller F.O.V. in mm or µm
cover slip
goes on top of the slide to from a wet mount slide
Nucleus
Only in Eukaryotic cells. Contains the cell’s DNA and controls the cell’s activities. Sometimes called the “brain” of the cell.
Prokaryotes
Cells without a nucleus and without complex organelles
Eukaryotes
Cells with a nucleus and with complex organelles
organelle
A tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within the cell
DNA
the genetic information that makes up the chromosomes. Found inside the nucleus.
Unicellular
single-celled organisms like bacteria
3 rules of cell theory
1) all living things are made up of cells
2) Cells are the basic units of strucure and function in living things (smallest living things)
3) All cells come from preexisting cells through cell division.
Mitochondria
“Powerhouse” or “Energy producer”; makes ATP through cell respiration
Vesicles
Like vacoucles for animal cells. More of them and smaller in animal cells
Vacuole
“warehouse,” stores food, water, waste; larger in plant cells