Chem test #2 Flashcards
Who made the periodic table
Dimitri Mendeleev
What are groups and periods
Groups are the columns and have the same amount of electrons in their valence shells. (Same groups usually have the simmilar properties)
Periods are the horizontal rows.
What is Dimitri Mendeleev’s law
Elements arranged according to the value of their atomic weights present a clear periodicity of properties.
Where are the metals located
To the left of the stair case (exept for hydrogen)
Where are the non metals located
To the right of the stair case
Where are metalloids located
Adjacent to the staircase/ on the staircase
Where are the halogens located
In group 7a or 17 on the right next to the noble gasses
Where are the Alkali metals located
The leftmost group
Where are the Alkaline earth metals located
Group 2 or just right of the Alkali metals
Where are the innertranstion metals located
In the middle, Starting in group 3 and ending in group 12.
Where are the noble gasses
Rightmost group
Properties of metals
Lustre: shiny, Hardness: ductile and malleable, Conductivity: Do concudct electricity, Reactivity: react with acids
Properties of non metals
Lustre: dull, Hardness: brtittle, Conductivity:Do not concudct electricity, Reactivity: do not react with acid
Properties of mealloids
Behave like metals and non-metals
Patterns in the periodic table
Going up or down a column, elements are organized into groups which have similar chemical properties. Moving left or right within a row, the atoms trend smaller or larger in size, and their reactivities go up and down.
What is the atomic number, atomic mass, AMU, and Standard atomic notation
Atomic number is the number of protons, Atomic mass is the relative weight which is the protons and newtrons weight added. AMU is atomic mass unit one proton in 1 amu one newtron is 1 amu and one electron is 1/2000 amu
Standard atomic notation is Atomic mass is on the top, the atomic symbol in the middle and the atomic number on the bottom.
Ion name for positve and negitive ions
Anion is negitive as there is a “n in it”
Cation is a positive ion
YOU ONLY CHANGE THE AMOUNT OF ELECTRONS
How do atoms combine
Positve and negitive attract
Order of Scientists in theyroys of the atom
1) John Dalton proposed the
first atomic theory:
“billiard ball model”
*All matter is made up of
atoms
*Atoms cannot be divided
*All atoms of the same
element are identical
*Atoms of different
elements are different
(Found all atoms contain sperical subatomic particles)
2)J. J.
Thomson
*Cathode Experiments showed:
*There are negatively charged
particles called electrons, which
have very little mass
*Atoms are neutral
*There has to be something that is
positive with lots of mass
*Positively-charged “soup”
PLUM PUDDING MODEL
(Discoverd electrons)
3) * Ernest Rutherford proposed:
*The raisin bun model was wrong
*Atoms was mostly made of empty space
*Have a very dense core of protons
called the nucleus
*Proton was 2000 times heavier than
electron
GOLD FOIL EXPEREMENT
(Disocved the newcleus and that there are protons in it)
4)Along came Niels
Bohr!
*He suggested a
change to
Rutherford’s model
*Electrons are not
“just” outside the
nucleus
*They are circling it
with the right speed
*Similar to planets
orbiting the Sun
Bhor- RUTHORFORD MODEL
(Discovered that electrons are in orbitals with different energy levels)
4.5)?*James Chadwick, in
1932, identified the
uncharged particle in
the nucleus
*Mass almost identical to
proton
*Called neutron
(DISCOVERD NEWTRON)
