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Gr. 10, Physics Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 lables in a lightwave

A

Amplitude
Frequency
Wavelength
Crest
Trough

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2
Q

What are the two types of feilds in the electromagnetic wave?

A

magnetic feild (B)
Electric feild (E)

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3
Q

How fast is the speed of light?

A

3.0 x10 8 m/s

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4
Q

What are EM waves built up with?

A

Photons

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5
Q

Of radio waves, Gamma rays, infrared, x-rays, microwaves and ultra violet rays, which ones are short wavelengths and which ones are big?

A

Big - Radio waves, Inrared, Microwaves
Small - Ultraviolet, x-rays, and gamma rays

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6
Q

What is the spectrum the light rays are ranked called?

A

Electromagnetic spectrum

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7
Q

The shorter or the longer the wavelengths, the more energy?

A

Shorter

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8
Q

What is white light?

A

A combination of all colours on the colour spectrum

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9
Q

What are the two broad catagories of light?

A

Incandescent - Electric current passes through a flammable wire and produces heat
Luminescent - electric light runs through a gas and produces a UV light

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10
Q

What is Chemiluminescence?
What is Bioluminescence?
What is Triboluminescence?

A

Chemiluminescence - production of light through a chemical reaction without heat
Bioluminescence - a plant or animals ability to produce light
Triboluminescence - The production of light through friction

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11
Q

In a convex mirror : A ray that is parallel to the Principal Axis will reflect through the _________

A

focal point

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12
Q

In a convex mirror : A ray goes through the focal point will reflect ____________

A

Parallel to the Principle Axis

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13
Q

In a convex mirror : A ray that passes through the center of curvature will _______

A

Reflect back on itself

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14
Q

The image appears where the _________

A

reflected rays intersect

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15
Q

In a concave mirror : A ray parallel to the Principal Axis will _________

A

Reflect as though it came from the focal point, (on the otherside of the mirror)

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16
Q

In a concave mirror : a ray aimed for the focal point will __________

A

Reflects along the Principal Axis

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17
Q

In a concave mirror : A ray aimed for the center of curvature will_______

A

Reflect along itself

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18
Q

If the image is behind the mirror in a reflection it is _______

A

Virtual

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19
Q

What does SALT represent?

A

Size - Bigger or smaller
Attitude - Upright or inverted
Location - Infront or behind mirror
Type - Virtual or real

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20
Q

What is dispersion?

A

The refraction of white light into different colours

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21
Q

What two things do the angle of refraction depend on?

A

The two different mediums
The angle of inception

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22
Q

Oi =
Or =

A

Oi = angle of incidence
Or = angle of refraction

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23
Q

What is the critical angle?
What is the phenominon called?

A

Critical angle - The angle at which the angle of refraction is at 90
This phenominon is called Total Internal Reflection

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24
Q

Total internal reflection only happens when light travels through a medium ______

A

MORE dense to a medium that is LESS dense

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25
What is a lens?
transparent material which refracts light rays to form an image
26
What are the two type sof lenses?
Convex (Converging) & Concave (Diverging)
27
In a lens the real image appears _____ the mirror
behind
28
F = di = do =
F = focal length di = image distance do = object distance
29
M = hi = ho =
M = magnification hi = image height ho = object height
30
If F is positive the lens is if di is posotive then the image is If hi is posotive then the image is
Convex real upright
31
Refraction- light bends or changes direction at the ______ between two media
Boundary
32
The beam in the first medium is called the ___ The beam in the second medium is called the ___
Incident ray refracted ray
33
When light travels from a less dense material to a more dense one, the light bends ______ the normal
Towards = Angle of incidence is greater than angle of refraction
34
When light strikes a surface along the perpendicular, the angle of incidence is _______ along with the angle of refraction.
0
35
Snell’s law describes the___________
relationship between the angle of incedence and angle of refraction
36
n =
Index of refraction
37
What is the index of refraction for, water, vacume and air
Water = 1.33 Air = 1.0003 Vacume = 1.00
38
Optical density determines
how much energy is being absorbed and re-emmited in a medium
39
The higher the optical density, the _________ the light wave travels
slower the light wave
40
as the optical density increases, the value of N ____
increases
41
What is the equation for the index refraction / speed of light?
n material = C ÷ V material
42
A light wave is transporting ________ When light hits a boundary some energy is ________ to the new medium, some energy is ________.
Energy Transmitted Reflected
43
Total internal reflection occurs when all light is reflected, and there is no ________ This can only occur when light travels from a _____ density to a _____ density
Refracted ray Higher - Lower
44
What is the equation for calculating the critical angle?
nr sinϴr = ni sinϴi
45
Why are dimonds sparkely?
Because all the light rays are internally reflected
46
How do fiber optic cables transmit information?
Through pulses of light similar to morsecode.
47
What are fiber optic cables used for?
Telecomunications
48
What are mirages caused by?
Refraction of light in the Earth’s atmosphere.
49
How are mirages created?
There is a hot layer of air with a cold layer of air overtop of it. Light travels faster through hot air, this increase of speed causes a bending of the light rays.
50
are mirages upside down or rightside up?
Upside down
51
The separation of light into its spectrum is called ______
dispertion
52
Red light is bent the _____, while violet light is bent the _____.
Least, most
53
The index of refraction depends on the ______ or ______ of light.
color,or frequency, of light.
54
What are the two laws of reflection?
The angle of incidence (ϴi) = The angle of reflection (ϴr) The incident ray, the reflected ray, and the normal all lie in the same plane.
55
If parallel incident rays hit a flat reflective surface the angles of refraction will be ______, If parallel rays hit a rough surface the reflected rays will all be_____. This is a ______
the same different diffuse reflection
56
REFLECTION =
the bouncing back of light rays from a surface
57
Real image is - Virtual image is -
real = the image infront of the mirror virtual = the image within the mirror
58
A ray that strikes perpendicular to the mirror surface reflects ______
reflects perpendicular to the mirror.(The reflected ray is extended beyond the mirror.)
59
A ray that strikes the mirror on an angle reflects ______
At the angle of reflection. (this goes beyond the mirror)
60
what are the three types of mirror?
Plane (Flat) Concave (converging / makes image larger) Convex (diverging / makes image smaller)
61
Why is the word AMBULANCE written reversed?
Because a plane mirror reverses left to right.
62
what are the 4 main structures of an eye?
Cornea Aqueous humor Lens Vitreous humor
63
Cornea -
Outer structure of eye Protects iris and pupil
64
Aqueous Humor -
Clear liquid Helps maintain pressure in the eye
65
Lens -
Behind the opening of the pupil Elastic - can change its shape to accomodate
66
Vitreous Humor -
Transparent jelly fluid Makes up most of the eye
67
The image is received by the _____
Retina
68
Retina -
Inner layer of the eye made up of rods and cones
69
rods = cones =
Sensitive to dim light (B/W) Sensitive to daylight (Colour)
70
The image formed on the retina is ____ by the converging lens of the eye
Inverted
71
The image is carried through the retina to the ______
Opticnerve
72
The light rays travel through -
Eye (cornea 🡪 aqueous humor 🡪 lens 🡪 vitreous humor) 🡪 Retina 🡪 Brain
73
higher index of refraction = _____ speed
slower speed

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