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Phase 3a > GP > Flashcards

GP Flashcards

1
Q

What can be used in an opioid overdose?

A

Naloxone

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2
Q

What drugs can be used to aid alcohol abstinence?

A

disulfram - severe reaction to alcohol
acamprosate - reduces craving

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3
Q

What can be used in an opioid overdose?

A

Naloxone

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4
Q

What can be used in a paracetamol overdose?

A

Activated charcoal if ingested < 1 hour ago
N-acetylcysteine (NAC)

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5
Q

What is the classic triad of diabetic ketoacidosis?

A
  1. Acidaemia (metabolic acidosis & hyperkalaemia)
  2. Hyperglycaemia
  3. Ketonaemia
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6
Q

What can be used to reverse the action of LMWH and unfractionated heparin?

A

Protamine

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7
Q

What deficiency causes haemophilia A?

A

factor VIII

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8
Q

What deficiency causes haemophilia B?

A

Factor IX

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9
Q

What will show on the blood tests in haemophilia?

A

prolonged APTT
bleeding time, thrombin time, prothrombin time normal

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10
Q

What can be used in the long-term management of sickle-cell anaemia to prevent a crisis?

A

Hydroxyurea
increases the HbF levels

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11
Q

What is used to diagnose sickle cell anaemia?

A

haemoglobin electrophoresis

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12
Q

What is the cause of sickle cell anaemia?

A

Autosomal recessive condition HbSS
Sickle cell trait = carrier (HbAS)

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13
Q

What is the stepwise management for COPD in patients that are steroid responsive (asthmatic features/atopic illness/variation in FEV1)?

A

Step 1: SABA or SAMA
Step 2: SABA + LABA + ICS
Step3: SABA+LABA+ICS+LAMA

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14
Q

What is the stepwise management for COPD in patients that are NOT steroid responsive?

A

Step 1: SABA or SAMA
Step 2: SABA + LABA + LAMA

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15
Q

How do you treat a peptic ulcer?

A

Lifestyle modifications + lansoprazole + clarithromycin + metronidazole

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16
Q

When should bone protection be offered to steroid users?

A

≥65 and on long-term steroids should be offered bone protection (alendrotnic acid)

17
Q

How do you diagnose pre-diabetes?

A

Fasting glucose 6.1 ≤ mol < 7
OGTT 2-hour 7.8 ≤ mol < 11.1

18
Q

How do you diagnose diabetes?

A

If the patient is symptomatic:
Fasting glucose < 7
OGTT or random < 11.1
If asymptomatic must get two confirmed readings; on different occasions

19
Q

What is the first line management of HPTN?

A

Over 55 or black African/Caribbean = CCB (Amlodipine)
Under 55 & white or T2DM = ACEi (Ramipril)

20
Q

What is the second line management of HPTN?

A

Add either ACEi or CCB (in black African/Caribbean use ARB rather than ACEi - candesartan)

21
Q

What is third line management of HTPN?

A

CCB (Amlodipine) + ACEi (Ramipril) or ARB (candesartan) + Thiazide like diuretic (Indapamide)

Phase 3a (6 decks)

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