Government test 6 Flashcards
a person who works for a bureaucratic organization
bureaucrat
a large, complex administrative structure that handles the everyday business of an organization
bureaucracy
nonmilitary people
civilian
often referred to as the cabinet departments, they are the traditional units of the federal administration
executive departments
all matters not directly connected to the realm of foreign affairs
domestic affairs
compulsory military service
draft
agencies created by Congress designed to regulate important aspects of the nation’s economy, largely beyond the reach of presidental control
independent regulatory commissions
additional agencies created by congress located outside the cabinet departments
independent agency
a group of policies made up of all the stands and actions that a nation takes in every aspects of its relationships with other countries
Foreign policy
the policy of making America and its allies so militarily strong that their very strength will discourage, or prevent any attack
deterrence
French word meaning the “relaxation of tensions”
detente
the 40 or so year period where relations between the US and Soviet Union were tense and often hostile: time of threats and military build-up
cold war
an official representative of the US appointed by the President to represent the nation in matters of diplomacy
ambassador
economic and military aid to other countries
foreign aid
when ambassadors are not subject to the laws of the state to which they are accredited
diplomatic immunity
treaties in which the US and other countries involved have agreed to take collective action to meet aggression in a particular part of the world
regional security alliances
the use of violence to intimidate a government or society
terrorism
spying
espionage
what are the three key parts of all bureaucracies?
hierarchical structure, formal rules, and specified Jobs
what is the main benefit of using bureaucratic organizations?
organize many workers, completing large complex tasks
what are the three main parts of the Executive Branch?
EOP, 15 Cabinet departments, several independent agencies
what is the main difference between Staff agencies and Line agencies?
Staff- support President, advisors
Line- preform tasks, deal with public
who has the responsibility of advising the President when it comes to foreign affairs and military matters?
National Security Council
name two key areas members of the EOP advice the President on:
foreign policy, defense, homeland security, political affairs
what is the main job of the OMB?
create federal budget
what is the nerve center of the Executive Office of the President?
white house
who is considered to be the most influential aide to the President?
white house chief of staff
what name is given to Executive Department Heads?
secretary
how do you get to be an Executive Department head?
appoint by the President, confirmed by the Senate
Give three factors used in choosing Cabinet members:
Qualifications, party, gender, experience
what hiring system is used today for most government employees? _______ it replaced the _________system of rewarding jobs to those who were political supporters
federal civil service system, spoils system
what are the three main types of independent agencies that exist today?
independent executive agencies, independent regulatory commissions,, Government corporations
name two things foreign policy usually deals with?
trade, foreign aid, budget, immigration
what is the main purpose of American FOreign policy?
security
what was the theme of American foreign policy 150 years after independence?
isolationism
what is the “Manifest Destiny”
believing that you have the right to rule from coast to coast
whom did the US and others have an “open door” policy with for much of history?
china
what ended US isolationism?
WWII
what is the opposite of isolationism?
internationalism
what policy was followed for 3 years to keep communism from spreading?
containment
who was president Nixon’s policy of “detente” aimed at?
China, Soviet Union
what are our two best weapons against terrorism?
surveillance, intelligence
what international law allows countries to send and receive ambassadors?
right of legation
what is the most important tool of american foreign policy?
foreign aid
give one key focus of NATO?
peacekeeping, crisis management
what is the main goal of the United Nations?
world peace
what else is does the UC concern itself with {2}?
Health, Human rights
who are the five permanent members of the US security council?
US, France, Britain, Russia, and China
what departments were combined to form the DOD?
war and navy departments
what tow groups are placed in charge of the US military?
Congress, President
which is the oldest branch of the military? the youngest?
army, air force
what is the main goal of the department of homeland security?
protect US against terrorism
what makes the job of the DHS so difficult?
so much of US to protect
what agencies were created to help the Director of National Intelligence?
FBI, CIA, and DEA
