Government in Henry VIII last years Flashcards
Thomas Wolsey facts
chief minister 1515-1529
often sent on military and diplomatic issues
low born
put England at the center of diplomacy with the Treaty of London
use the excuse of saving money to expel kings minions from the chamber
Sir Thomas More facts
Christian humanist and author of utopia
executed by Henry
low born
opposed Act of Supremacy
Thomas Cromwell facts
organized the Anne of Cleves marriage
executed by Henry
low born
set up Court of Augmentations
carried through a revolution in government
sent to Ireland to sort of the issues with Kildare and Ormonde
Duke of Norfolk facts
member of the nobility
uncle to Anne Boleyn and Catherine Howard
plotted against Wolsey and Cromwell
led the conservative faction
Conservative faction beliefs and key figures
Accepted the break from Rome but opposed further changes and wanted to keep as much of original Catholic beliefs as possible
Duke of Norfolk, Stephen Gardiner and Thomas Wriothseley
Reform faction beliefs and key figures
Accepted the break from Rome and wanted to introduce even more protestant ideas into the Church
Edward Seymour, Thomas Cranmer and Katherine Parr
Why were the conservative faction dominant in the 1540s?
Cromwell executed in 1540
Henry VIII marries Catherine Howard which is the Duke of Norfolk’s niece
1539 six article acts was very pro-catholic
Why were the reform faction able to influence between 1540-1547?
Because of the affair between Catherine and her distant cousins devastated Henry
Catherine Howard executed for treason in 1542
Henry chose Katherine Parr as his next wife who was a protestant
How had Henry attempted to protect England from invasion and where did he find the money to do this?
Many of Catherine Howards family were executed and spent a large amount on military fortifications which was money gained through the dissolution of the monasteries
Why did Cromwell fall from power mean a more aggressive foreign policy was likely?
Because there was no wiser men then the nobles at the time
What major threat did England face in July 1545?
French were invading England
What 4 major problems did Henry’s expensive foreign policy cause?
spent a lot of money without achieving much
bankrupted the country
de-valued the coin
caused rapid inflation
Battle of Solway moss 1542?
England heavily defeated the Scottish
What was the Treaty of Greenwich?
1543 and it guaranteed both Scotland and England would be run independent and separate styles of government
What happened in 1544 in terms of France?
Invasion of France besieged Montreuil unsuccessfully but captured Boulogne
What did France do in 1545?
sent troops to Scotland
Counter-invasion at the isle of Wight
Mary Rose sank in the Solet
England defeated at the Battle of Ancrum Moor
Treaty of Ardres 1546?
ended England’s war with France and Scotland
1534 succession act
declared Mary illegitimate and confirmed Elizabeth as heir presumptive
1536 succession act
legitimized Duke of Richmond even though he was not born in marriage
declares Elizabeth illegitimate
1544 succession act
reinstates Mary and Elizabeth and affirms that Henry can choose who is the heir by will
