Gout Flashcards
1
Q
What is gout?
A
meltabolic joint disease?
2
Q
what does gout manifest/
A
high levels of uric acids in blood and other body fluids
3
Q
what is gout related to?
A
purine metabolism–> hyperglycemia
4
Q
where is uric acid more soluble in gout?
A
in plasma and urine that synovial fluids
5
Q
in gout what does increase in uric acid lead to?
A
insoluble crystals deposited in connective tissue throughout body
6
Q
what does crystals in SF lead to in gout?
A
inflammation –> gouty arthritis
7
Q
who suffers from gout?
A
predominantly men ( peak age of onser 40-50 years)
8
Q
what are the risk factors of gout?
A
age genetic predisposition exc alc obesity certain drugs (thiazides) lead toxicity
9
Q
pathophysiology of gout
A
- most uric acid ( byproduct of protein metabolism is eliminated from body through kidneys)
- crystalisation in synovial tissue (why this happens is u/k)
- leads to inflammatory response in joint leads to tissue damage
10
Q
what is proposed to be possible reason for crystalisation in synovial tissue in gout?
A
- lower body temperatues at periphery of body
- decreased albumin or glycosaminoglycan levels
- changes in ion conc and pH
- rauma that promotes crystal precipitation
11
Q
symptoms of gout
A
- attacks occur abruptly
- primary sympt is severe pain usually at noght
- affected area becomes hot, red and extremely tender and slightly swollen
- 50% of initial attacks are in metatarsophalangeal joints of big toe
- other 50% elbow, heel, ankle, instep of foot, knee and wrist
12
Q
TM of gout
A
- anti inflame drugs eg. NSAIDS
- antihyperuricemic drugs (eg. allopurinol) are given to reduce serum urate concentrations
- uricosuric drugs (eg. probenecis) to increase excretion of urate by blocking its reabsorption by kidney tubules
- hydrocortisone may be injected to joint to relieve pain
- ice may relieve inflammatory pain
- low protein diet to decrease uric acid concentration
