Goroll Ch 47- COPD Flashcards
What is the 4th leading cause of death in US?
COPD
What is COPD?
heterogenous disorder marked by obstruction of airflow and reduction in the expiratory flow rate; airflow limitation is NOT REVERSIBLE
In stable COPD, the inflammation appears to be predominantly ______________
neutrophilic
What leads to pathologic enlargement of the air spaces distal to the terminal bronchus?
destruction of the alveolar walls
STage I: Mild
FEV1/FVC < 0.7
FEV1 > or equal 80%
STage II: Moderate
FEV1/FVC <0.7
FEV1 between 50% and 80%
Stage III: Severe
FEV1/FVC <0.7
FEV1 between 30 and 50%
STage IV: very severe
FEV1/FVC <50% with
A patient on the chronic bronchitis side of the COPD spectrum, obstruction to airflow occurs ….
with both inspiration and expiration
What causes hypoxemia in chronic bronchitis?
mismatching of V/Q from widespread bronchial narrowing and mucous plugging
A patient on the emphysema side of the COPD spectrum, what is the clinical picture dominated by?
dyspnea
What does a person with advanced COPD (with more emphysema) look like?
thin, tachypneic, accessory muscle use, pursed-lip breathing
What is diagnosed radiologically?
the emphysema part of COPD
At what stages should you add regular treatment of LABA?
Stage II through IV (moderate to severe)
At what stages should you add regular treatment of inhaled glucocorticosteroids?
Stage III and IV (Severe and very severe)
