Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Respiratory- Cecil > Chapter 24- Neoplastic Disorders > Flashcards

Chapter 24- Neoplastic Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What are the paraneoplastic syndromes associated with bronchogenic carcinoma?

A 
Hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthroscopy and clubbing
Hyponatremia
Hyerpcalcemia
Cushing Syndrome
Eaton-Lambert myasthenic syndrome
Other neuromyopathic disorders
Thrombophlebitis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the cell type of Hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthroscopy and clubbing?

A

All except small cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the mechanism of Hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthroscopy and clubbing?

A

Unknown

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the cell type of hyponatremia?

A

Small cell most common; can be any type

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the mechanism of hyponatremia?

A

SIADH, ectopic antidiuretic hormone production by tumor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the cell type of Hypercalcemia?

A

Usually squamous cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the mechanism of hypercalcemia?

A

Bone metastases, osteoclast-activating factor, parathyroid hormone-like hormone, prostaglandins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the cell type of cushings syndrome?

A

Usually small cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the mechanism of cushings syndrome?

A

Ectopic ATCH production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the cell type of Eaton-Lambert myasthenic syndrome?

A

Usually small cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the mechanism of Eaton-Lambert myasthenic syndrome?

A

Voltage-sensitive calcium channel antibodies in >75%; affects presynaptic neuronal calcium channel activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the cell type of other neuromyopathic disorders?

A

Small cell most common; may be any type

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the mechanism of other neuromyopathic disorders?

A

Antineuroinal nuclear antibodies, also known as anti-hu; others uknown

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the cell type of thrombophlebitis?

A

All types

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the mechanism of thrombophlebitis?

A

Unkown

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does TNM stand for in the staging system for lung cancer?

A 
Primary tumor (T)
Nodal involvement (N)
Metastasis (M)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is T1 in the TNM staging system for lung cancer?

A

Tumor < or equal to 3cm diameter without invasion more proximal than lobar bronchus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is T2 in the TNM staging system for lung cancer?

A

Tumor >3cm diameter or tumor of any size with any of the following characteristics:
Invasion of the visceral pleura
Atelectasis of less than entire lung
Proximal extent at least 2cm from carina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is T3 in the TNM staging system for lung cancer?

A

Tumor of any size with any of the following characteristics:
Invasion of chest wall
Involvement of diaphragm, mediastinal pleura, or pericardium
Atelectasis involving the entire lung
Proximal extent within 2cm of carina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is T4 in the TNM staging system for lung cancer?

A

Tumor of any size with any of the following:
Invasion of the mediastinum
Invasion of the heart of great vessels
Invasion of trachea or esophagus
Invasion of vertebral body or carina
Presence of malignant pleural or pericardial effusion
Satellite tumor nodule(s) within same lobe as the primary tumor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is N0 in the TNM staging system for lung cancer?

A

No regional node involvement

22
Q

What is N1 in the TNM staging system for lung cancer?

A

Metastasis to ipsilateral hilar and/or ipsilateral peribronchial nodes

23
Q

What is N2 in the TNM staging system for lung cancer?

A

Metastasis to ipsilateral mediastinal and/or subcarinal nodes

24
Q

What is N3 in the TNM staging system for lung cancer?

A

Metastasis to contralateral mediastinal or hilar nodes or ipsilateral or contralateral scalene or supraclavicular nodes

25
Q

What is M0 in the TNM staging system for lung cancer?

A

Distant metastasis absent

26
Q

What is M1 in the TNM staging system for lung cancer?

A

Distant metastasis present (included metastatic tumor nodules in a different lobe from the primary tumor)

27
Q

What is stage IA in the stage groupings of TNM subsets for staging lung cancer?

A

T1 N0 M0

28
Q

What is stage IB in the stage groupings of TNM subsets for staging lung cancer?

A

T2 N0 M0

29
Q

What is stage IIA in the stage groupings of TNM subsets for staging lung cancer?

A

T1 N1 M0

30
Q

What is stage IIB in the stage groupings of TNM subsets for staging lung cancer?

A

T2 N1 M0

T3 N0 M0

31
Q

What is stage IIIA in the stage groupings of TNM subsets for staging lung cancer?

A

T3 N1 M0

T1-3 N2 M0

32
Q

What is stage IIIB in the stage groupings of TNM subsets for staging lung cancer?

A

ANY T N3 M0

T4 ANY N M0

33
Q

What is stage IV in the stage groupings of TNM subsets for staging lung cancer?

A

ANY T ANY N M1

34
Q

What is the leading cause of cancer death in men and women in the US?

A

lung cancer

35
Q

What are the 2 types of lung cancer?

A

Small cell carinoma

Non-small cell carcinoma (most common)

36
Q

What 3 things make up non-small cell carcinoma?

A

squamous cell carcinoma
adenocarcinoma
large cell carcinoma

37
Q

What are the S/S of lung cancer?

A

mild cough, dyspnea, increased sputum production, hemoptysis, CP, weight loss

38
Q

What are the PE of lung cancer?

A

May be normal or reveal changes (i.e. crackles, inspiratory wheeze, dullness to percussion)
Lymph node enlargement in neck or axilla = metastatic disease

39
Q

What are lung cancers in the apex of the chest and invade apical chest wall structures? Cause pain radiating down the arm or Horner syndrome (ptosis, miosis, anydrosis)

A

Superior sulcus or Pancoast tumors

40
Q

Localized carcinoma forms and later extends beyond bronchial mucosa. Usually found in central airways and may lead to obstruction. Lowest rate of metastasis

A

Squamous cell lung cancer

41
Q

Develop as peripheral lesion and may be assoc. with pneumonitis and hilar adenopathy

Two subtypes: giant cell and clear cell

A

Large cell carcinoma

42
Q

Most common type of lung cancer and most common type in nonsmokers. Usually found in periphery of the lung. Assoc. with PE and distant metastasis. Can cause mucus production. Poor prognosis

A

Adenocarcinoma

43
Q

Strongly assoc. with smoking. Perihilar location. Assoc. lymphadenopathy. Metastasize fast and outcome is very poor.

A

Small Cell Lung Carcinoma

44
Q

How is lung cancer diagnosed?

A

tissue biopsy

Sampling of PE to assess for malignant cells

45
Q

Treatment for lung cancer?

A

chemo, radiation

Surgery is the only curative therapy

46
Q

Single, rounded lesion in lung <3cm in diameter

A

solitary pulmonary nodule

47
Q

If a nodule has discrete borders, diffuse/central/popcorn/laminated calcifications, no change in size in 2 years. Is it benign or malignant?

A

Benign most likely

48
Q

If you suspect a lesion is malignant what should you do?

A

remove it

49
Q

Neurologic syndomes that are elicited by patient’s immune response to tumors in the lung, ovaries, breast, lymphatic system

A

Paraneoplastic syndromes

50
Q

S/S of paraneoplastic syndromes

A

develop over weeks
Difficulty walking or swallowing, loss of muscle tone, loss of fine motor coordination, slurrred speech, memory loss, vision problems, dementia, sleep disturbances, seizures and vertigo

51
Q

Stiff person syndrome, encephalomyelitis, cerebellar degeneration, neuromyotonia, sensory neuorpathy are examples of what?

A

paraneoplastic syndromes

52
Q

What is the presurgical evaluation of lung cancer?

A

PFT, FEV1, cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET)

Respiratory- Cecil (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions