GORD Flashcards
What does GORD stand for?
Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease
What is GORD?
A condition where gastric acid from the stomach leaks up into the oesophagus
Who is GORD more common in, women or men?
Men- 2x more likely
What is the pathophysiology of GORD?
The lower oesophageal sphincter usually relaxes, but in GORD, it relaxes more frequently leading to reflux of gastric contents, which causes pain and mucosal damage
What are the risk factors for GORD?
Age, obesity, male, alcohol, smoking, caffeine and fatty or spicy foods
What is the main symptom of GORD?
Chest pain- burning retrosternal sensation that is worse after meals, when lying down, bending over or straining
What are some other symptoms of GORD?
Excessive belching, odynophagia, chronic cough, nocturnal cough
What are some differential diagnosis of GORD?
Malignancy, peptic ulceration, oesophageal motility disorders, oesophagitis, coronary artery disease, biliary colic
What are red flag symptoms that may point to malignancy with the symptoms of GORD?
Dysphagia, weightloss
What is the los angeles classification of reflux?
grade to oesophagitis based on severity from endoscopic findings of mucosal breaks in the distal oesophagus
What imaging would you do for GORD?
Upper GI endoscopy to exclude malignancy and investigate complications of reflux such as oesophagitis, structuring or Barretts oesophagus, not required in most patients unless new or worsening despite PPI
What is the gold standard test for GORD?
24hr pH monitoring
What is the lifestyle management for GORD?
avoid alcohol, coffee, fatty foods, lose weight, stop smoking
What is the medical management for GORD?
Proton pump inhibitors
Why may someone have surgery if they have GORD?
Fail to respond to medication, do not want tot take medications, patients with complications
