Goniometry: Knee Flashcards
knee Flexion and extension: position
Prone with abdomen on small pillow and feet over the ned of the table; supine
Knee flexion and extension: Stabilization
thigh supported on the table or stabilised with the examiner’s hands.
knee flexion and extension: axis
Lateral condyle of the femur.
knee flexion and extension: stationary arm
Parallel to the lateral midline of the femur on a line from the lateral epicondyle of to the greater trochanter
knee flexion and extension : moving arm
Parallel to the lateral midline of the fibula toward the lateral malleolus.
knee flexion and extension: range
Flex = 0 - 135 (soft tissue apposition or tension of the muscle)
Hyperextension 0 - 10
knee flexion and extension: precautions
prevent hip rotation and flexion
Knee plantar and dorsi flexion: Position
sitting or half lying with the knee flexed over a pillow
the foot 90° to the leg (anatomical position).
Heel must. be kept free to move
Knee plantar and dorsiflexion : Stabilization
thigh is supported on a pillow or by the table (in sitting) so that the femoral condyles remain in the frontal plane
Knee plantar and dorsiflexion: axis
Inferior aspect of the lateral malleolus
knee plantar and dorsiflexion : stationary arm
parallel to the lateral midline of the fibula toward the fibular head:
knee plantar and dorsiflexion: moving arm
parallel to the longitudinal axis of the 5th metatarsal
knee plantar and dorsiflexion: Normal range
dorsiflexion 0- 20 (tension on muscles)
Plantar flexion 0 - 50 (bony)
Knee plantar and dorsiflexion: precautions
prevent hip and knee joint movement
avoid inversion and eversion;
keep the knee flexed to avoid stretching of the gastrocnemius muscle.
Inversion and eversion : position
Half lying or sitting with heel off the couch
with the knee flexed over a pillow
2nd toe aligned with the tibia in the long axis.
