ELBOW

Question 1

Elbow flexion and extension: position

Answer 1

Supine with hips and knees flexed and the arm parallel to the lateral midline of the trunk. The forearm is in the anatomical position and the arm is positioned as close to the trunk as possible.

Question 2

Elbow flexion and extension: stabilization

Answer 2

Humerus by ensuring it remains flat on bed or the physiotherapist stabilises it distally.

Question 3

Elbow flexion and extension: axis

Answer 3

over lateral epicondyle of the humerus

Question 4

Elbow flexion and extension: stationary arm

Answer 4

placed along the lateral midline of the humerus in line with the acromion process of the scapula

Question 5

Elbow flexion and extension: moving arm

Answer 5

Placed along the lateral midline of the radius in line with the styloid process of the radius.

Question 6

Elbow flexion and extension:

Answer 6

Flexion =0-150 (soft tissue apposition)

Question 7

RADIO-ULNAR JOINT: pronation and supination

position

Answer 7

Sitting with the elbow flexed to approximately 90 deg and the upper arm held close to the side of the trunk. The forearm is positioned midway between supination and pronation with the thumb pointing upwards and is supported on a pillow. The hand is held in a fist.

Question 8

RADIO UNLAR- pronation and supination: stabilization

Answer 8

humerus by ensuring it is held close to the trunk

Question 9

RADIO UNLAR- pronation and supination: axis

Answer 9

Over the head of the middle metacarpal

Question 10

RADIO UNLAR- stationary arm

Answer 10

vertical

Question 11

RADIO UNLAR- moving arm

Answer 11

parallel to the shaft of the proximal phalanx

Question 12

RADIO UNLAR- NORMAL RANGE

Answer 12

Pronation = 0-80 (ligaments and interosseous membrane); Supination =0-90 (ligaments and interosseous membrane)

Question 13

RADIO ULNAR( PRONATION and SUPINATION ) : precautions

Answer 13

Keep the elbow close to the trunk, avoid shoulder abduction and medial rotation, avoid lateral flexion of the trunk