Goniometer Flashcards
Goniometer consists of the following
Moving arm
Body
Stationary arm
Hyper mobility
Joints that move more than normal
Increase in range of motion
Hypo-mobility
Decrease in range of motion. Inability to stretch normally
Ways of measuring the range of motion
Using a goniometer
Measuring distance between points
Visual estimation in degrees or as a fraction of the total range
Tracing limb on paper
What is goniometry
Goniometry is the measurement of angle is created at him and joints by the bones of the body
End feel 
sensation or feeling which the examiner experienced when the joint is at the end of its available passive range of motionie in assessment.
Why must we perform passive joint motions
To enable the examiner to assess the tissue that is limiting the range of motion
To detect pain

Definition of range of motion
Arc of motion occurs at a joint or series of joints
Hard end feel
Bone to bone 
Example of hard end feel
Elbow extension
Soft tissue
When two soft tissue masses meet one another
Firm end feel 
gives the sensation of a firm, elastic response with a slight give.
Factors that can influence or affect range of motion
Pain
Pathology
Gender
Age
What are the possible solutions why we measure joint ROM
Progression and regression
Why we look for end feel
Determine the prognosis
Identify the type of pathology present
