Goliath Pearls

Question 1

What is goldenhar syndrome

Answer 1

(also known as Oculo-Auriculo-Vertebral (OAV) syndrome) is a rare congenital defect characterized by incomplete development of the ear, nose, soft palate, lip, and mandible. It is associated with anomalous development of the first branchial arch and second branchial arch.[1] Common clinical manifestations include limbal dermoids, preauricular skin tags, and strabismus.

Question 2

What is keratosis pilaris

Answer 2

(KP, also follicular keratosis, lichen pilaris or chicken skin) is a common, autosomal dominant, genetic follicular condition that is manifested by the appearance of rough, slightly red, bumps on the skin. It most often appears on the back and outer sides of the arm (though the forearm can also be affected), and can also occur on the thighs, hands, and tops of legs, sides, buttocks, or any body part except glabrous skin (like the palms or soles of feet). Often the lesions will appear on the face, which may be mistaken for acne.

Question 3

What is Legg-calve-perthes syndrome

Answer 3

a form of osteochondritis of the hip joint, where growth/loss of bone mass leads to some degree of collapse of the hip joint and to deformity of the ball of the femur and sometimes the surface of the hip socket. It is characterized by idiopathic avascular osteonecrosis of the capital femoral epiphysis of the femoral head leading to an interruption of the blood supply of the head of the femur close to the hip joint. The disease is typically found in young children, and it can lead to osteoarthritis in adults. The effects of the condition can sometimes continue into adulthood. It is also known as Perthes Disease, Legg–Perthes Disease, or Legg–Calve-Perthes Disease (LCPD)

Question 4

At what age should testicles have dropped

Answer 4

Should have dropped by 1 year of age

Question 5

Singulair

Answer 5

Montelukast

Question 6

What is the mechanism of montelukast

Answer 6

Leukotriene inhibitor

Question 7

What are some serious adverse reactions with montelukast

Answer 7

Depression

Suicidality

Question 8

What age should the soft spot close

Answer 8

Begin closing at 9.

Most commonly closed 12-14 months

Closed at the latest by 18-24 months

Question 9

What is toddlers diarrhea

Answer 9

Chronic diarrhea of infancy, also called toddler’s diarrhea, is a common condition typically affecting children between ages 6–30 months, usually resolving by age 4. Symptoms include multiple loose bowel movements per day, sometimes with undigested food visible; normal growth with no evidence of malnutrition; and no evidence blood in the stool or infection. The condition may be related to irritable bowel syndrome.

Treat with probiotics

Question 10

Tenex

Answer 10

Guanfacine

Question 11

What is the mechanism for guanfacine

Answer 11

Central acting alpha-2 agonist

Question 12

What is ayr

Answer 12

Saline nasal gel with soothing aloe

Question 13

Omnicef

Answer 13

Cefdinir oral

14 mg/kg/day for 10 days
Max 600 mg / day

Question 14

Bromfed DM

Answer 14

Bromphenarimine
Dextromethorphan
Pseudoephedrine

Question 15

What is the indication for Bromfed DM

Answer 15

URI symptoms

Question 16

What is the mechanism of brompheniramine

Answer 16

Non-selectively antagonizes peripheral and central h1 histamine receptors

Question 17

Tamiflu

Answer 17

Oseltamivir

Question 18

What is the mechanism of oseltamivir

Answer 18

Neuramidase inhibitor

Question 19

Quillivant XR

Answer 19

Methylphenidate

Question 20

What are the criteria for APGAR scores

Answer 20

Appearance
Pulse
Grimace
Activity
Respiration

Question 21

What is VATER/VACTERL Syndrome

Answer 21

Vertebral anomalies, 
Anal atresia, 
Cardiac anomalies, 
TracheoEsophageal fistula, 
Renal/radial anomalies, 
Limb defects

Question 22

What is klippel-feil syndrome

Answer 22

characterized by the congenital fusion of any 2 of the 7 cervical vertebrae.[2]:578 The syndrome occurs in a heterogeneous group of patients unified only by the presence of a congenital defect in the formation or segmentation of the cervical spine. Klippel–Feil syndrome can be identified by shortness of the neck. Those with the syndrome have a very low hairline and the ability of the neck to move is limited.[

Question 23

What is the time frame that a child should double and triple their weight

Answer 23

double by 5 months

triple by 12 months

Question 24

Small cell rosettes are highly suggestive of what

Answer 24

neuroblastoma

The diagnosis is confirmed with elevated serum or urinary catecholamine metabolites.

in infants less than one year of age, these tumors may spontaneously regress. This seems paradoxical, for a cancer that has metastasized to be considered a favorable stage

Question 25

Are neuroblastoma hereditary

Answer 25

Most cases of neuroblastoma are due to somatic mutations. That is, these mutations arise in cells other than the gametes. Somatic mutations are not passed to the next generation.

Question 26

What is esotropia

Answer 26

inward gaze of an eye

Question 27

what is exotropia

Answer 27

outward gaze of an eye

Question 28

What is the brat diet

Answer 28

Bananas
Rice
Apple sauce
Toast

Good for diarrhea and gi upset. Help to improve consistency of stool. Low fiber meals

Question 29

What is the HEEADSSS mnemonic mean

Answer 29

H: home
E: education
E: eating disorder
A: activity
D: Drugs
S: sexuality
S: suicide
S: safety